The [EB-2 National Interest Waiver (NIW) Green Card](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/employment-based/eb-2-niw-green-card) offers a valuable pathway for professionals seeking to advance their careers in the United States. Whether you're an entrepreneur, researcher, or professional in the humanities, understanding the nuances of the EB-2 NIW process can significantly impact your application success. In this blog, we explore key insights from our recent webinar, addressing common questions and providing clarity on the application process.

Join our upcoming webinar today, where our experienced immigration attorneys will share key insights on eligibility, business plans, featured technologies, and strategies for a successful application!

## **Understanding the EB-2 NIW Application Process:**

Professional with advanced degrees or who have bachelor’s followed by at least five years of progressive work experience can apply for the EB-2 NIW. Professionals also must demonstrate that their work benefits the national interest of the United States. Unlike other visa categories, the EB-2 NIW allows applicants to self-petition, eliminating the need for a job offer or labor certification. This makes it an attractive option for many professionals.

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On March 6, 2025, we had aired our webinar “**EB-2 NIW: Green Card Opportunity for Professionals”** in which ****Grape Law’s expert attorneys shared key insights on eligibility, business plans, featured technologies, and strategies for a successful EB-2 NIW Green Card application. The questions below are taken from the webinar’s Q&A session with the participants. Watch the webinar [here](https://webinar.grapelaw.com/eb-2-niw-green-card-opporunity-for-professionals-6-march-2025?utm_campaign=Webinar%20ENG&utm_content=326630765&utm_medium=social&utm_source=linkedin&hss_channel=lcp-73257516). 

---

## **Key Questions and Answers from Our Webinar:**

### **Can I file my EB-2 NIW application while my EB-3 unskilled process is pending?**

Since EB-2 falls under the second preference category, you need to wait until your priority date becomes current, regardless of your country of origin. If you filed under the EB-3 unskilled category, your priority date might have advanced differently or even earlier compared to EB-2. Filing an EB-2 NIW application concurrently usually does not harm your case, depending on the stage of your EB-3 process. Once your EB-2 petition is approved, you may benefit from a faster adjustment of status process, as your EB-2 might process more quickly.

### Read our blog: *[**What is PERM Application? How to Apply?](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/what-is-perm-application-how-to-apply) for learning more about the EB-3 Visa (Green Card)***

### **Is EB-2 only designed for STEM professionals, or are options available for those in the humanities and social sciences?**

EB-2 NIW petitions are often easier to demonstrate in STEM fields like artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and molecular biology. However, the petition is not exclusive to STEM fields. Successful NIW cases have been approved even for profiles such as family photographers where the work's importance was adequately demonstrated. The key is showing that your work provides concrete benefits and holds national importance.

### **Can someone with a B-1/B-2 visa stay in the USA after filing the EB-2 NIW and wait for the outcome?**

Filing an EB-2 petition does not confer lawful status; a B1/B2 visa only allows temporary stay (typically up to six months, possibly extendable to 12 months). You may remain within U.S. borders during your authorized period, but once it expires, you must change your status or secure another visa to maintain lawful presence. Options such as changing to an F-1 student visa might be worth considering. Have your case carefully reviewed to determine the most suitable pathway for maintaining your status.

### **Would in-progress or under-review articles be beneficial for a master's graduate researcher without publications yet?**

The NIW application doesn't rely solely on fixed criteria like publication numbers—it's about showing you are "well positioned" in your field. Your prior work experience, managed projects, and research role can play significant parts. While published and cited articles are advantageous, documentation showing articles in progress or under review can also strengthen your case. Detailed information on this subject may be covered in future webinars specifically for researchers.

### **How important are recommendation letters for the NIW application?**

Providing evidence of your background, proposed project, and value to the United States is crucial for the NIW petition. Recommendation letters from well-recognized experts, especially from independent third parties are critical. Such letters add professional perspective, emphasizing the significance of your work. Letters from experts not directly associated with you typically carry more weight in the evaluation.

### **I'm in Brazil and just opened a branch of my Brazilian company in Miami. I have an MBA. What visa would be best for me?**

Your MBA indicates an advanced degree, positively positioning you for an EB-2 NIW petition. Success in an EB-2 NIW application also depends on clearly demonstrating your company's field, operations, and the national importance of your contributions.

Besides EB2 NIW, you might consider other visa options such as L-1 or E-2 visas. To determine the appropriate visa, have your resume and business model reviewed in detail through a professional assessment.

### Read our blog: [***L-1 Visa for Enterprises and Startups***](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/l-1-visa-for-enterprises-and-startups)

### **I'm a pharmacist and researcher with a master's in pharmacology and I am doing my PhD in biotechnology. I have about about 40 publications. Am I eligible for the EB-2 visa?**

Based on your qualifications, you appear to have strong credentials for an EB-2 NIW petition. In some cases, candidates with your profile might even qualify under the EB-1 (first preference) category. Determining the proper category requires a detailed review of your resume and publication record. Share your complete resume and related documentation for accurate guidance.

### **What about diploma equivalency before the visa process?**

EB-2 NIW petitions require proof of an advanced degree (master's, PhD, or equivalent foreign diploma recognized in the United States). Your foreign diploma and transcripts must be evaluated by independent credential evaluation agencies to determine U.S. equivalency. This evaluation report critically verifies your educational credentials for the visa process.

## **Conclusion:**

The EB-2 NIW application process can be complex, but with proper guidance and preparation, it offers a promising opportunity for professionals to advance their careers in the U.S. When applying, ensure your application highlights your contributions to the national interest and includes strong support letters.

Contact us at Grape Law Firm for a personalized evaluation of your case. Send your resume to [info@grapelaw.com](mailto:info@grapelaw.com), and let our experienced team guide you through the application process.

Navigating the EB-2 NIW Application Process: Key Insights and FAQs

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EB-2 NIW Green Card: Key Insights and FAQs

The Diversity Visa (DV) Lottery results for the fiscal year 2025 have been announced. For thousands of people, either the hope for a new beginning or heartbreaking disappointment ensued. But beyond the different reactions to the lottery results, I believe we all can observe the immensity of the Green Card and what it stands for: the American Dream.

Thanks to that dream, when I set out for the United States as a student years ago, I could envision a future for myself that seemed promising and exciting. Now, years after, I feel truly blessed to be the founding attorney of Grape Law Firm and to have the privilege of guiding prospective immigrants of diverse backgrounds through the hardships of U.S. immigration law, especially the complex processes of Green Card applications.

After witnessing the impact that the green card has on the lives of many Grape Law clients and reflecting on my own experiences as a first-generation Turkish immigrant, I can confidently state that the Green Card and the American Dream are interlocked. They are both embedded in the pursuit of freedom, prosperity, and a better future.

## **The Green Card and the American Dream**

The Green Card’s significance in the context of the American Dream is rooted in the United States’ historical attraction as the go-to destination for life-changing opportunities. The Green Card is not solely a piece of plastic; it is the embodiment of visionary ideals and endless possibilities. What defines the U.S. as a unique cultural mosaic cannot be understood without professional and personal aspirations. And the Green Card is the insurance for those aspirations.

It is no surprise to anyone — particularly U.S. immigration attorneys such as myself — that the Department of State reports increases in the demand for not only the DV but also many other Green Card categories. This rise is a testament to the appeal of the Green Card throughout the world and the U.S. as the land of starting anew.

## **Benefits of the Green Card**

A Green Card is more than a permit—it's a ticket to a secure and prosperous life in the U.S. Holders can participate in a thriving job market known for rewarding talent and hard work with competitive wages. The privilege extends to purchasing property, accessing comprehensive financial services, and entrepreneurship, which not only bolsters individual growth but also contributes to the economic strength of the nation.

In my experience, clients often share with me how obtaining a Green Card has supported their growth, enabling significant career advancements and the confidence to pursue ambitious goals. Moreover, it's a step toward U.S. citizenship, a dream for almost every immigrant. The social advantages, such as eligibility for education and healthcare benefits, and the capacity to sponsor relatives for immigration, are indicative of the Green Card's role in fostering familial bonds and continuity. In this regard, to better understand the Green Card benefits in detail, it's essential to explore its options available.

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## **Employment-based Petition Green Cards**

Employment-based Green Cards offer pathways for prospective immigrants to apply their expertise in the U.S. The EB-1C, for instance, is designed for managers and executives who will be transferred from abroad to work in similar positions of multinational companies’ U.S. offices or affiliates. Additionally, foreign managers and executives can apply for the EB-1C to establish new U.S. offices of multinational companies.

PERM Green Cards (EB-2/EB-3), on the other hand, provide U.S. residency for individuals with a job offer from a U.S.-based employer, encompassing a wide range of professionals. The process involves meticulous labor certification to ensure the protection of U.S. labor interests while filling gaps in the workforce with international employees. For those with exceptional skills or advanced degrees, as well as professional, skilled, and unskilled workers, PERM Green Cards signify the U.S.'s strategic commitment to strengthening a diverse and competitive workforce by attracting talent from around the globe.

## **Self-petition Green Cards**

The EB-1A Green Card is designed for those who have reached the top of their fields and whose extraordinary abilities are recognized with awards, extensive publications, or significant contributions to their industry. This category is a direct acknowledgment of their status as leaders and innovators, whether they are pioneering researchers, renowned artists, or celebrated athletes. Candidates for the EB-1A must demonstrate a record of sustained success and are often at the forefront in their work areas.

For professionals whose work holds considerable importance to the U.S. but may not have the widespread acclaim of EB-1A candidates, the EB-2 “National Interest Waiver” (NIW) Green Card offers an alternative route. This category is particularly suited for individuals whose expertise advances areas critical to national interests, such as technology, public health, or education. To qualify for an NIW, applicants must show that their work has a significant impact on their field in the U.S. and that waiving the requirement of a job offer would be beneficial to the country.

## **Green Cards Through Investment**

The EB-5 is a unique Green Card category that combines immigration with economic investment. It's designed for investors who are prepared to make a substantial financial contribution to the U.S. economy, with a minimum amount of **$800,000** for **regional center investments** or **$1,050,000** for **direct investments.** The EB-5 not only requires this significant monetary input but also requires the creation of at least 10 jobs, offering investors and their families a direct route to U.S. residency while fostering employment and community development.

## **Family-based Green Cards**

Family-based Green Cards reflect the U.S.'s commitment to keeping families together. Spouses, children, and parents of U.S. citizens often have a more direct path to residency, reinforcing the importance of family in the fabric of American society. Other relatives may also be eligible, albeit with more extended waiting periods due to caps on certain family-based visa categories.

***
Each individual's Green Card journey adds a unique storyline to the U.S.’s ongoing narrative. Whether through professional distinction, investment, or family reunification, these paths contribute to the diversity and dynamism of the U.S. It is a privilege to witness and support these individuals in their pursuit of the American Dream, as they open the door to a future filled with opportunities in this land of promise.

An introduction to the historical significance and the options of the Green Card.

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An Introduction to Green Card Options 

 In the arena of global innovation, STEM fields—Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics—stand as pillars of progress. The United States, pursuing dominance in these sectors, has become the immigration target for the brightest minds worldwide. State-of-the-art research centers, a dynamic start-up ecosystem, and significant technological investments attracts thousands of top-notch talents to the U.S. every year. This phenomenon, often referred to as "brain drain," is not accidental but the result of strategic positioning by the U.S. to maintain its leadership in innovation and technology. The relationship between the U.S. and foreign STEM professionals is a testament to the country's longstanding aspiration to be at the forefront of technological breakthroughs, shaping a new era where knowledge is universal.

## ***STEM Fields, Brain Drain, and the U.S.***

The U.S. stands as a proof to the power of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. These STEM fields are not just academic endeavors but the backbones of American innovation, driving economic growth and securing its status as a global leader. Moreover, the U.S.'s continuous pursuit for scientific advancement has positioned the nation as the center for future technology, with Silicon Valley emerging as a focal point for groundbreaking ideas within this larger trend.

Historically, the United States has financially thrived thanks to the intellect and creativity from its diverse population, including immigrants who have left permanent marks on the nation's STEM heritage. In fact, the U.S.’s industrial and technological revolutions were fueled, in part, by the contributions of foreign-born individuals, and the trend continues today. The American ideals of discovery and entrepreneurship resonate with STEM professionals all over the world and attract them to participate in the U.S.' pursuit of revolutionary progress.

This is, in essence, due to the mutual recognition of value between the U.S. and these talented individuals. The United States offers a variety of world-class opportunities for research, innovation, and professional development, while immigrants provide fresh perspectives and specialized skills. This exchange has brought the U.S. to the frontlines of positivist inquiry and emerging technologies, effectively making it the go-to destination for the world's brightest STEM professionals. Henceforth, the ongoing collaboration between American institutions and international talent is essential for sustaining the nation's economic leadership and scientific influence.

 ![](/uploads/2_f7b0a48497.webp) 

## ***Biden-Harris Administration’s Actions on STEM Fields***

Recognizing the vital role STEM fields play in national wealth, the Biden-Harris Administration has taken decisive steps to further strengthen the U.S.'s position in the global STEM industry. The White House has outlined a comprehensive strategy to empower the nation's economy and retain its universal competitiveness. Key initiatives include the Global Talent Attraction program, which stresses the significance of inviting international STEM experts to enrich the U.S. workforce. The Early Career STEM Research Initiative and the expansion of the STEM OPT program reflect a bold effort to provide international scholars and students with opportunities to engage in groundbreaking research on U.S. soil. Updates to the O-1A classification and National Interest Waivers show a commitment to simplifying the immigration process for individuals with extraordinary abilities in STEM fields. These proactive measures are designed to attract and keep the best and brightest, ensuring that the U.S. retains its leadership position in scientific and technological advancement.


## ***Critical & Emerging Technologies and the Advent of Artificial Intelligence in STEM Fields***

Within critical and emerging technologies industry, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum Computing, and Cybersecurity stand out as pivotal areas shaping the future. These technologies are the superstars of innovation, driving revolutionary changes across industries and redefining the boundaries of what is possible.

Artificial Intelligence, in particular, represents a giant leap in technological progress and reshapes our personal and professional lives every day. As AI systems become more sophisticated, they influence sectors from healthcare to finance, making it a driving force behind modern tech epoch and a critical component of the U.S. strategic advantage. Moreover, AI’s rapid rise necessitates a workforce that is not only skilled but also forward-thinking and diverse, capable of pushing the limits of what it can achieve.

In this context, the contributions of immigrants are invaluable. The National Foundation for American Policy's (NFAP) study in June 2023 proves the immense impact that immigrants have had on the AI sector. With 65% of the top AI companies in the U.S. having immigrant founders or co-founders and 70% of full-time graduate students in AI-related fields coming from abroad, it is evident that the intellectual capital and entrepreneurial spirit of immigrants are key to the AI industry's success.

 ![](/uploads/3_1b3b45fe28.gif) 

Fortunately, these STEM professionals are often the beneficiaries of specialized visas and Green Cards that recognize their exceptional talents and the significant roles they play in advancing U.S. interests. For example, the O-1 visa category, for those demonstrating extraordinary abilities, and the H-1B visa, a common choice for specialty occupation professionals, are popular options in bringing these individuals to the U.S. The EB-1A self-petition Green Card is reserved for those who can prove they are at the top of their field, offering them a pathway to permanent residency. Similarly, the EB-2 NIW (National Interest Waiver) Green Card, also a self-petition, is designed for professionals whose work is considered of national importance.

This strategic immigration framework is essential not just for filling immediate workforce gaps but also for supporting long-term innovation. By providing a clear path for talented AI professionals to contribute to the U.S. economy, the nation sustains its status as a global authority in AI research and development.

I can almost certainly say that the interplay between AI's rise and U.S.'s immigration policies will create a consistent flow of brain drain. As the United States continues to prioritize the development of AI and other critical technologies, it is likely to benefit from the increased issuance of visas and Green Cards to international STEM talents. This approach ensures that the U.S. remains as the vanguard of the global innovation landscape, continually attracting the brightest minds to contribute to a future where AI not only thrives but also serves the greater good.

With the Advent of Artificial Intelligence, STEM Fields Signal a New Era of Brain Drain for the U.S. 

Artificial Intelligence and the U.S. Immigration

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STEM Fields Attract Top-Notch Professional Talents to the U.S., Signaling a New Era of Brain Drain for the Nation

The Green Card lottery, officially DV Lottery, is a chance to get a permanent resident card that lets you live and work in the United States. The lottery is open to people from countries with low immigration to the United States.

Every year, **around 50,000 people** are randomly selected to apply for a Green Card. This article will explore how the lottery works, who can apply, and what to do if you win.

## What is the Green Card (Diversity Visa) Lottery?
One of the ways to obtain permanent residency in the United States is through the Diversity Immigrant Visa Program, also known as the Green Card Lottery. This program was **established by the U.S. Congress in 1990** to increase the diversity of immigrants from countries with low rates of immigration to the U.S. Every year.

The U.S. Department of State randomly selects around 50,000 applicants from Green Card lottery eligible countries to receive an immigrant visa, which allows them to live and work legally in the U.S. as permanent residents.

To participate in the DV Lottery, you must meet certain eligibility criteria. You must also be a citizen of a country that is listed as eligible for the DV Program. If you meet the eligibility criteria, you can submit an online application during the registration period, which usually **runs from October to November each year.** 

You must provide accurate and complete information on your application. And most importantly, you can only submit one entry per person; **multiple entries will result in disqualification.**

After the registration period ends, the U.S. Department of State conducts a computerized random drawing to select the winners of the DV Lottery. The results are usually announced **in May of the following year on the official website of the DV Program.** 

You can check your status online by entering your confirmation number, which you received when you submitted your application. If you are selected, you will receive instructions on how to proceed with your visa application process.

Being selected in the DV Lottery **does not guarantee that you will receive an immigrant visa.** You must still meet all the requirements for an immigrant visa, such as passing a medical examination and a background check, and proving that you have enough financial resources to support yourself in the U.S. You must also act quickly and follow the instructions carefully, as there are more winners than available visas, and visas are issued on a first-come, first-served basis.
### The Green Card Lottery Deadlines & Dates

The Green Card Lottery deadlines and dates vary from year to year but usually follow a similar pattern. The Green Card lottery application period opens in October and closes in November of the previous year. The results are announced in May of the following year. 

The selected applicants then have to apply for an immigrant visa through either consular processing or adjustment of status, depending on their location and eligibility.

*Learn More About [How to Get Green Card Through Consular Processing](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/how-to-get-green-card-through-consular-processing)*

**For the Green Card lottery 2024**, the application period ran from October 5, 2022, until November 8, 2022. The results are available online from May 6, 2023, until September 30, 2024. The selected applicants will have to apply for an immigrant visa before the Green Card lottery deadline of September 30, 2024, which is the end of the fiscal year.

For the DV-2025 DV Lottery, the application period is expected to open in October 2023 and close in November 2023. The exact Green Card lottery dates will be announced by the U.S. Department of State in September 2023. 

The results will be available online from May 2024 until September 2025. The selected applicants will have to apply for an immigrant visa before September 30, 2025, which is the end of the fiscal year.

### Who Can Apply for the Green Card Lottery?
To apply for the DV lottery, you must meet two main criteria: nationality and education or work experience.

**Nationality:** You must be from a country that is eligible for the DV program. The list of Green Card lottery eligible countries changes every year based on the immigration statistics of the previous five years. For example, for the Green Card lottery 2024, people from these countries are not eligible:

Bangladesh, Colombia, Brazil, Dominican Republic, Canada, China (including Hong Kong SAR), India, El Salvador, Honduras, Guatemala, Nigeria, Haiti, Jamaica, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines, South Korea, UK (except Northern Ireland) and its dependent territories, and Vietnam.

**If you are not from any of these countries, you may be eligible for the DV program.**

However, there are some exceptions. For example, if you were born in an ineligible country but your spouse or parents were born in one of the Green Card lottery eligible countries, you may be able to use their nationality and apply for Green Card lottery. 

You can check your eligibility on the official website or get in contact with Grape Law for more advice.

**Education or Work Experience:** You must have either a high school diploma or its equivalent (such as a GED), or two years of work experience in a job that requires a minimum of two years of training or experience in the last five years.

*You can check if your job qualifies on the [U.S. Department of Labor's O*NET Online database.](https://www.dol.gov/agencies/eta/onet)*

## How to Apply for the Green Card Lottery?
To apply for the Green Card lottery, you must complete an online Green Card lottery application form on the official website during the registration period. Here are the steps to apply for the DV program online:
#### Step 1: Check the Registration Dates and Eligibility Criteria
 
The registration dates for the DV program vary from year to year but generally fall in the October-November period. The U.S. Department of State publishes the Green Card lottery dates and the list of eligible and ineligible Green Card lottery countries on its website and social media platforms every year. 

**You must be from an eligible country and meet the education or work experience requirements to apply for the program.**

See Also: 
- [Employment-Based Green Cards](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/employment-based)
- [Family-Based Green Cards](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/family-green-cards)

#### Step 2: Go to the Official Website and Fill Out the Green Card Lottery Application Form

The official website for the DV program is [dvprogram.state.gov](http://dvprogram.state.gov). You will need to provide some basic information about yourself and your family members (such as name, date of birth, gender, country of birth, and country of residence), as well as upload a recent digital photo that meets the specifications. 

**You can use a photo tool on the website to crop and resize your photo.**

#### Step 3: Submit Your Entry and Get a Confirmation Number

Only one entry per person is allowed during a year. If you submit more than one entry or use fraudulent information or photos, you will be disqualified from the lottery. You will also need a valid email address to receive notifications and updates about your application status. 

After you submit your entry online, you will receive a confirmation number that you must keep safe until the end of the DV program. You will need this number to check if you have been selected for further processing on the official website.

These are the steps to apply for the DV program online. **There is absolutely no cost to get yourself registered for the DV program.**
### What are the Green Card Lottery Requirements?

If you are selected for further processing in the DV program (also known as winning the lottery), you will have to meet some additional Green Card lottery requirements before you can get your visa and Diversity Immigrant Visa.

Additional requirements include:

- Filling out an online visa application form (DS-260) and sending supporting documents (such as birth certificates, passports, marriage certificates, police certificates, medical exam reports, etc.) to the Kentucky Consular Center (KCC).
- Paying the fees for the visa application and the Diversity Visa issuance.
- Going to an interview at a U.S. consulate or embassy in your country of residence, where you will be asked questions about your background, qualifications, and plans in the United States.
- Passing the medical exam and security checks by the U.S. government.
- Being eligible for admission to the United States under immigration laws and regulations.

## What Happens if I Win the Green Card Lottery?

If you are one of the lucky winners of the DV lottery, you will receive a notification from the U.S. Department of State by email or by checking the Entrant Status Check website.

You will then have to submit an online application form (DS-260) and provide supporting documents to prove your eligibility. You will also have to pay a fee of $325 per person and undergo a medical examination and an interview at a U.S. consulate or embassy in your country.

If your application is approved, you will receive a visa stamp on your passport and be able to travel to the United States as a permanent resident.

## Get Professional Help with Grape Law
Green Card applications could be complicated. A small mistake may end up with denial. Getting professional help for your Green Card process is a good idea to take advantage of experience in the immigration cases. [Send us a message](https://www.grapelaw.com/contact) or [schedule a video call](https://calendly.com/grapelaw)!

## FAQs about the Green Card Lottery
### Am I Eligible for the Green Card Lottery If I’m Married to a U.S. Citizen or Have Other Families in the United States?

Yes, you are eligible for the DV lottery if you’re married to a U.S. citizen or if you have other family members present in the United States.
### Which Countries are not Eligible for the Green Card Lottery?

The countries for the DV Lottery change every year. However, countries that were not eligible for the Green Card Lottery 2023 were Bangladesh, Brazil, Canada, China (mainland-born), Colombia, South Korea, Dominican Republic, Nigeria, El Salvador, Pakistan, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Jamaica, Mexico, Philippines, United Kingdom (with the exception of Northern Ireland) and its dependent territories.
### Is There a Minimum Age to Apply For a Green Card Lottery?

There is no minimum age to apply for a DV lottery. However, under 18 applicants are likely to be disqualified.
### How Long does It Take to Get a Green Card?

The time it takes to get a Green Card varies depending on the category under which you apply for. However, it can take 6 months to several years for processing.
### Can I Enter The Green Card Lottery If I’m in The United States?

Yes, you can enter the DV lottery if you’re in the United States. In case of being selected, you need to proceed with the Adjustment of Status from your non-immigrant status.
### Can My Spouse and I Each Submit Separate Entries for The Green Card Lottery?

Yes, your spouse and you can each submit separate entries for the Diversity Immigrant Visa. If one applicant is selected, the other one could be sponsored as a family member.
### What If I Lost My Confirmation Number?

If you’ve lost your confirmation number, you can retrieve it by visiting the Entrant Status Check page on the DV Lottery website.
### How Much does It Cost to Enter the Green Card Lottery?

Entering the DV lottery is free. If you are selected for the lottery then you will have to mandatorily pay the DV Lottery application fees. Strongly advised to be careful about DV Lottery frauds.
### Why was the Green Card Lottery Created?

The Green Card lottery was created to provide an opportunity for people from countries with low rates of immigration to the United States to obtain permanent residency.
### What is the Chance of Winning the Green Card Lottery?

The chance of winning the Green Card lottery varies each year depending on how many people apply and how many visas are available. Generally, the possibility is 1:25 to 1:75.



Learn everything you need to know about the Green Card (Diversity Visa) lottery, including your eligibility, how to apply, its requirements, deadlines, and more!

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What is the Green Card Lottery? Who Can Apply?

Do you dream of living and working in the United States permanently? If so, you might be able to get a green card. 

A green card, or a permanent resident card, lets you stay, work, and travel in the United States as long as you follow the rules. 

There are different ways to get a green card, depending on your situation and qualifications. One of the most common ways is through consular processing (CP).

In this article, we are exploring what is Consular Processing, timeline, fees, and eligibility criteria. For more information you can get in contact with us.

## What is Consular Processing?
Consular processing means that you apply for a green card at a U.S. embassy or consulate in your home country or another country where you have legal permission to be.

Consular processing(CP) is different from the adjustment of status(AoS), which means that you apply for a green card from inside the United States.

For more information about [Adjustment of Status](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/adjustment-of-status-requirements-and-steps-grape-law) read our article!

### Steps for Consular Processing

The steps for applying for a green card through CP are different for each case and each type of permanent resident card. But the general steps are:

#### Step 1: Find Out If You Qualify and Which Category You Belong To

The first step is to find out if you can get a green card and which category you fit into. There are different categories of it, like family-based, employment-based, diversity lottery, humanitarian, and special immigrants. 

#### Step 2: Have Someone File a Petition for You

The next step is to have someone file a petition for you with USCIS. A petition is a form that shows your relationship with the person who files it and why you deserve a permanent resident card. The petition has to be approved by USCIS before you can go on with consular processing.

The most common types of petitions are Form I-130 for family-based Green Cards, Form I-140 for employment-based Green Cards, and Form I-360 for special immigrants.

*Addition to sponsorship, you can file your self-petition for some cases such as EB-2 NIW. As a consequence, there’s no need to get a sponsorship for such options.*

See [Employment-Based Green Card](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/employment-based)s

#### Step 3: Wait for Your Turn to Apply for a Green Card

After your petition is approved, you will get a priority date, which is the date when your petition was filed or accepted by USCIS. Your priority date decides when you can apply for a Green Card. 

You can check the monthly **Visa Bulletin published by the U.S. Department of State** (DOS) to see if your priority date is current or not. 

If your priority date is current, it means that there are enough immigrant visas for your category and country, and you can go on with CP. If your priority date is not current, it means that there is a waiting list or delay for your category and country, and you have to wait until your priority date becomes current.

#### Step 4: Fill Out Form DS-260 Online

Once your priority date is current, you are eligible to proceed through the National Visa Center (NVC), which is an agency that handles the processing of immigrant visa applications for DOS. The NVC will tell you to fill out Form DS-260 online, which is an application for an immigrant visa and a Green Card.

#### Step 5: Pay the Fees

After filling out Form DS-260 online, you will have to pay two fees: the immigrant visa fee and the USCIS immigrant fee. The fees are different depending on your category and country of origin.

*Your DS-260 application will be rejected if you do not pay the fees in the correct amount and to the correct departments.*

#### Step 6: Attend Your Interview

The last thing you need to do is to go to the U.S. embassy or consulate where you applied for your permanent residency and have an interview with a consular officer. This is a very important part of the process, because **it’s your chance to show that you qualify to live in the US.**

Before your interview, you will get a notification from the U.S. embassy or consulate, telling you when and where your interview will be, and what documents you need to bring with you.

At your interview, **you will have to show your original documents**, like your passport, birth certificate, marriage certificate, police clearance certificate, medical exam report, and financial proof. You will also have to give your fingerprints and swear to tell the truth. The consular officer will then ask you questions about your application and your eligibility for a permanent resident card. 

**The consular officer will also check if there is any reason why you can’t come to the United States**, like having a criminal record, a contagious disease, a security risk, or a previous immigration problem. If there is such a reason, you might be able to ask for a waiver of inadmissibility, which is a way of asking for permission to enter the US. 

The consular officer will then make a decision on your application. If your application is approved, you will get a visa packet that has your immigrant visa and other documents. **You should not open this packet until you get to the border in the United States.** If your application is denied, you will get a notice that tells you why and if you can appeal or try again.

## Who Can Apply for a Green Card with Consular Processing?

Consular processing is an option for anyone who meets these requirements:

- You are outside the United States or willing to leave the United States to apply for permanent residency.
- You have an approved petition from a U.S. citizen or permanent resident relative, a U.S. employer, or another qualified entity.
- You have a current priority date based on the availability of immigrant visas in your category and country of origin.
- You qualify and are allowed to come to the US under the immigration laws and rules.

CP is not an option for anyone who meets these requirements:

- You are already in the US on a valid nonimmigrant visa or parole status and eligible to apply for adjustment of status.
- You entered the US illegally or stayed longer than your visa allowed without permission.
- You have been deported out of the US or have an order to leave.
- You have been banned from entering the US because of previous immigration violations or fraud.

## Consular Processing vs Adjustment of Status

There are two ways you can apply for permanent residency. As we have mentioned above the first one is  consular processing and the second one is adjustment of status. 

CP means you apply from outside the United States at a U.S. embassy or consulate, while adjustment of status means you apply inside the United States at a USCIS office. Both ways have their pros and cons, depending on your situation and what you want.

 ![Consular Processing vs Adjustment of Status](/uploads/consular_processing_vs_adjustment_of_status_f1ecf30270.webp) 

Some of the things that might affect your choice between CP and AoS are:

- **How long it takes:** CP is usually faster than adjustment of status because it has fewer steps and agencies involved in the United States. But CP can also face delays because of visa availability, security checks, extra processing, workload of official departments, or local issues at the U.S. embassy or consulate.
- **How much it costs:** CP is usually cheaper than adjustment of status because it has fewer fees and costs. But it can also have extra costs like travel expenses, translation fees, courier fees, or consultation fees.
- **How risky it is**: CP is riskier than adjustment of status because it requires you to leave the United States if you are already here on a temporary visa and come back with an immigrant visa. This means that you might face more questions at the border or be denied entry if they find any reason why you can’t come to the United States. 
Adjustment of status does not require you to leave or come back to the United States and lets you stay in legal status while your application is pending. On the other hand, you may face some difficulties adjusting your status because of eligibility criterias.
- **What benefits it has:** CP has fewer benefits than adjustment of status because it does not let you work or travel in the United States while your application is pending. Adjustment of status lets you apply for work authorization and travel permission while waiting for your Green Card approval.

In the end, the best option for you depends on your personal situation and goals. You should talk to an immigration lawyer or an accredited representative before making a decision.

## What is the Consular Processing Timeline?

The consular processing timeline is how long the whole process takes from when you file the petition to when you get the permanent resident card. The timeline can vary depending on your category, country, and case details, but the average time is about 12 to 18 months.

### The Consular Processing timeline has four stages:

- The petition stage. 
- The NVC stage.
- The interview stage. 
- The visa issuance stage. 

You can check the status of your application at each stage on official [Consular Electronic Application Center](https://ceac.state.gov/CEACStatTracker/Status.aspx)

*Calling or sending email could not be a good option to get a quick answer considering the workload in consulates and other official immigration centers.* 

## What are the Consular Processing Fees?

When you apply for permanent residency through CP, you have to pay some fees for your application. These fees are not refundable and not transferable, even if your application is rejected or canceled.

The fees for CP have two parts:

- **The immigrant visa fee:** This is the fee that you have to pay to the NVC before you fill out Form DS-260 online. How much you have to pay depends on your category and country of origin.
- **The USCIS immigrant fee:** You pay this fee to USCIS after you get your immigrant visa and before you enter the United States. The fee is $220 for everyone.

Besides these fees, you might also have to pay for other things, such as:

- The Petition Filing Fee 
- The Medical Exam Fee
- The Translation Fee
- The Travel Expense
- The Consultation Fee

You should keep receipts or proof of payment for all the fees and expenses related to CP, as you might need them for your records or for later use.

## How to Check the Status of My Green Card Application

You can check your application status anytime by using online tools or contacting the agencies involved. Here are some ways to check your application status:

- **Case Status Online:** This is an online tool from USCIS that lets you check the status of your petition and other applications filed with USCIS. You will need your receipt number.
- **CEAC Status Check:** This online tool by DOS helps you check the status of your immigrant visa application and pay the fees you need to pay. You will need your case number and invoice number.
- **Visa Status Check:** Through this tool, you can check the status of your visa after your interview at the U.S. embassy or consulate.
- **U.S. Embassy or Consulate:** You can also call or email the U.S. embassy or consulate where you applied for your Green Card to check the status of your application. You will need your case number, passport number, and other personal information.
- **USCIS Contact Center:** You can alternatively call, email, or mail USCIS also to check the status of your petition and other applications filed with USCIS. 

## What if My Green Card Application is Rejected?

If they say no to your application, it means that you don’t qualify for a Green Card based on what you told them and what documents you gave them. You will get a notice from the U.S. embassy or consulate that tells you why they said no and if you can appeal or try again.

The most common reasons for rejection are:

- Incomplete or inaccurate application
- Inadmissibility
- Fraud or misrepresentation
- Visa unavailability

If your application is rejected, you may have some options to overcome the rejection, such as:

- Correcting or updating your application
- Applying for a waiver of inadmissibility
- Appealing or reapplying

If your consular process for Green Card application has been rejected, don’t lose hope. [Contact our experienced attorneys](https://www.grapelaw.com/contact) at Grape Law for a consultation.

## What is Next After I Hold a US Green Card?

You must be excited to finally have your Green Card and become a permanent resident of the United States. This means you can live, work, and travel in the U.S. as long as you keep your status. You can also apply for citizenship someday if you want to. And you can help your family members get their permanent residency permit too.

Know more about [Family Green Card](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/family-green-cards)s.

But being a permanent resident also comes with some duties and rules that you need to follow. For example, you have to pay taxes and follow the law, just like everyone else. You also have to keep your permanent residency updated and let USCIS know if you move to a new address. And you have to respect the U.S. Constitution and the way the government works there.

If you still have any questions or worries about Consular Processing, [get a professional consultation](https://calendly.com/grapelaw) today from Grape Law. We can help you understand the application and document process. 

## FAQs on the Consular Processing

**How Long is Consular Processing Taking?**

Consular processing timeline depends on many factors and it can take months or years by your application.

**Can You Enter The U.S. While Consular Processing?**

No, you cannot enter the U.S. while Consular Processing unless you have a valid nonimmigrant visa or another entry permit. Otherwise, you may be denied.

**Is Cp Better Than AoS?**

The advantages and disadvantages of Consular Process for Green Card compared to Adjustment of Status depends on your situation and preferences. You should consider your eligibility, location, travel plans, time, and costs.

**Can You Travel With CP?**

You are not allowed to enter the U.S. while the Consular Processing application is pending. On the other hand, there’s no restrictions for other countries. Also, you can visit the U.S. with a valid non-immigrant visa. 

**What Happens After CP?**

You get an immigrant visa stamp and a sealed packet of documents. Enter the U.S. and get your Green Card by mail.

**Can CP Be Denied?**

Yes, for various reasons, such as: ineligibility, fraud, crime, security, health, public charge, or errors. 

**What Documents are Needed for Consular Processing?**

It varies, but generally: a passport, birth certificate, marriage certificate (if any), police certificate, medical report, affidavit of support, proof of relationship (if any), and other documents are needed.

**How Do I Start CP?**

You need an approved petition and an available visa number. Pay the fees and submit the online form and documents. Schedule and attend an interview.

**How Much Does CP Cost?**

It varies by your application. You need to pay USCIS filing fee, Department of State fee, medical exam fee, and other fees such as consultation and travel costs.

**I Have An Approved I-130. How Much Longer Can I Get A Green Card?**

You still need to wait for a visa number to be available. Check the Visa Bulletin online. Then proceed with CP or AoS.

**Can I Visit The US With A Pending I-130 Petition?**

Yes, if you have a valid nonimmigrant visa or another entry authorization. But prove that you don’t intend to stay or adjust status. And avoid staying too long or making frequent trips.


Learn more about what consular processing is, its timeline, differences between status of adjustment, costs, and much more through our article!

how to get green card outside united states

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Consular Processing - How to Get a Green Card Through It?

If you are a noncitizen who wants to work in the United States, you may need to get Employment Authorization Document (EAD). An EAD is a card that proves that you are authorized to work in the United States for a specific period. It is also known as **Form I-766 or a work permit.**

**What is The Difference Between Visa, Green Card and EAD?**

- A visa allows you to enter and stay in the US for a certain purpose, such as studying, visiting, touring, or working. 
- A green card grants you permanent residency and the right to work in the US indefinitely. 
- An EAD, on the other hand, gives you temporary permission to work in the US while you are in a certain immigration status or situation.

In this article, we will explain what an EAD is and what you need to know about EAD.

## Requirements for Getting an EAD
Not everyone needs a work permit to work in the United States. **Some noncitizens are authorized without EAD to work in the States because of their immigration status or circumstances.** 

For example, lawful permanent residents (green card holders), asylees, refugees, and certain nonimmigrant visa holders (such as H-1B, L-1B, O, or P) do not need a work permit document to work in the US. They can use their green card or visa as evidence of their work permit.

*Want to get a [Green Card with US employment](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/how-to-get-a-green-card-with-us-employment)? Learn how.*  

However, some noncitizens are required to apply for an authorization document if they want to work in the United States. 

For example, if you have a **pending Form I-485** (Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status), a **pending Form I-589** (Application for Asylum and for Withholding of Removal), or a nonimmigrant status that does not allow you to work without permission from USCIS (such as an M1 or F1 student), you need to do the filing before you can start working.

*Check out the types of [Employment Visa Options in the US](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/working-in-the-us-a-guide-to-employment-visa-options).*

There are many categories of noncitizens who are eligible for an employment authorization document. **Some of the common categories include:**
- [Adjustment of Status](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/adjustment-of-status-requirements-and-steps-grape-law) applicants
- Asylum applicants and asylees
- [Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals](https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2023/04/13/fact-sheet-fact-sheet-president-biden-announces-plan-to-expand-health-coverage-to-daca-recipients/) (DACA) recipients
- Temporary Protected Status (TPS) beneficiaries
- U visa applicants and U nonimmigrants
- Spouses and dependents of certain nonimmigrant visa holders
- M1 and [F1 students](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/how-to-apply-for-f1-student-visa) seeking [optional practical training](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/employment-for-international-students-in-the-us) (OPT) or curricular practical training (CPT)
- Spouses and dependents of [J1 exchange visitors](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/student-and-exchange-visitor-visas/j-1-visa)

Some applicants may also qualify for a permit based on **compelling circumstances**. These are circumstances that prevent the applicants from maintaining their current nonimmigrant status or may prevent them from obtaining other immigration benefits. 
**Applicants may include:**
- victims of domestic violence, human trafficking, or other crimes
- applicants facing extreme hardship due to unforeseen events
- applicants eligible for humanitarian programs

## How to Apply for an EAD?
To apply for an employment authorization document, you need to file Form I-765 (Application for Employment Authorization) with USCIS. You can file online or by mail, depending on your eligibility category. 

### Application Documents
When you file Form I-765, you need to submit some supporting documents along with your application fee. 
The exact documents you need may vary depending on your eligibility category, but generally, **they include:**
- A copy of your passport or any other official government-issued ID 
- A copy of your current visa or other immigration document (such as your Form I-94)
- A copy of your previous work permit (if any)
- Two passport-style photos
- Any other documents that show your eligibility for a work permit (such as your Form I-485 receipt notice, your asylum approval notice, your TPS registration notice, etc.)

You can find the specific document requirements for each eligibility category on the [USCIS website](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures/employment-authorization-document) or on the [Form I-765 instructions](https://www.uscis.gov/i-765).

## How Long Does It Take to Receive an EAD?
The processing time for an employment card may vary depending on several factors, such as your eligibility category, the USCIS office handling your case, and the volume of applications received by USCIS. 

You can check the current processing times by selecting the form number (I-765) and the service center that is processing your application.

Generally, it may take anywhere from **2 to 12 months** to receive your permit after you file your application. However, some applicants may experience longer delays due to various reasons, such as background checks, requests for additional evidence, or administrative errors.

**If your EAD application is pending for more than 90 days**, you can contact USCIS to inquire about the status of your case. 

You can also request expedited processing of your permit filing if you meet certain criteria, such as severe financial loss, humanitarian reasons, or emergencies. 

You can find more information on how to request expedited processing on the [USCIS website](https://www.uscis.gov/forms/filing-guidance/how-to-make-an-expedite-request#:~:text=You%20can%20generally%20request%20expedited,have%20obtained%20a%20receipt%20notice.).

## How to Renew Your EAD?
If your EAD is about to expire and you are still eligible for it, you can apply for a renewal of the employment authorization document. 

You need to file a new Form I-765 with the same documents and fee as your initial application. **You should file your renewal application at least 180 days before your current document expires to avoid any gaps in your permit filing.**

Some applicants may be eligible for an automatic extension of their permit for up to 180 days while their renewal application is pending. This applies to certain categories of applicants who file their renewal application before their current EAD expires and who meet other requirements. 

You can find the list of categories eligible for an automatic extension [here](https://www.uscis.gov/i-9-central/form-i-9-resources/handbook-for-employers-m-274/40-completing-section-2-of-form-i-9/44-automatic-extensions-of-employment-authorization-andor-employment-authorization-documents-eads-in).

If you are eligible for an automatic extension, you can use your expired work permit along with your Form I-765 receipt notice as evidence of your employment card during the extension period. However, some employers may not be familiar with this rule and may require you to present a valid EAD to continue working. In that case, consult an immigration attorney for assistance.

## How to Replace Your EAD?
If your EAD is lost, stolen, damaged, or contains incorrect information, you can apply for a replacement of your USCIS employment authorization document. 

- You must file a new Form I-765 with the same documents and fee as your initial application. 
- You should also include a copy of your original EAD. (if available) 
- Explain why you need a replacement.

You will also need to provide the document number on your previous or current employment card. The document number on an employment authorization card is a 13-digit number that starts with three alphabets and is followed by 10 numerical digits, and it locates at the front of the authorization document. 

If your employment card is lost or stolen, you should also report it to the local police and obtain a police report. This will help you prevent any identity theft or fraud using your card.

## Get Professional Help on the Way to Employment Card
We at Grape Law Firm, have a team of experienced and dedicated immigration lawyers who can help you with all your immigration needs. Whether you need a work permit card, a visa, a green card, or any other immigration benefit, we can guide you effortlessly through the process and ensure that your application is done completely and successfully.

You can [message us](https://www.grapelaw.com/contact) anytime through our website or [schedule a video consultation](https://calendly.com/grapelaw) with one of our experienced lawyers.

## Frequently Asked Questions
### What Is The Difference Between an EAD and a Visa?
A visa is a document that allows you to enter and stay in the United States for a specific purpose and duration. A visa does not necessarily authorize you to work in the US. 

An EAD is a document that proves that you are authorized to work in the States for a specific time period. An Employment Card does not grant you any immigration status or allow you to enter or stay in the US. You need to have a valid visa or another immigration status to be eligible for a work permit document.

Want to learn more about [employment visa](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/employment-based), check out.

### What Is The Difference Between an EAD and a Green Card?

A green card is a document that grants you permanent residency in the United States. It allows you to live and work in the US indefinitely without any restrictions or limitations. A green card also gives you certain rights and benefits, such as applying for citizenship, sponsoring family members, traveling abroad without losing your status, etc.

An EAD is a document that gives you temporary permission to work in the US while you are in a certain immigration status or situation. An Employment Card does not grant you any permanent residency or citizenship rights. The employment card also has an expiration date and needs to be renewed periodically.

### Who Issues The Employment Authorization Document?

The employment authorization document EAD is issued by USCIS. USCIS is responsible for processing applications for immigration benefits.
### How Much Is an Employment Authorization Document?

The filing fee for the permit is $410 as of February 2023. However, some applicants may be exempt from paying the fee or eligible for a fee waiver based on their eligibility category or financial situation.
### Is It Hard To Get An EAD?

The difficulty of getting the document depends on several factors, such as your eligibility category, the availability of visas or other immigration benefits, the processing time of USCIS, and the complexity of your situation. 



An EAD gives you legal status to work in the US. Find out your eligibility to apply for employment authorization document and learn more about the process!

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What is an Employment Authorization Document?

Adjustment of Status (AoS) is what you need to apply for permanent residency, while inside the US on a nonimmigrant visa.

The provision of becoming a permanent resident of the US, lawfully, is laid under **section 245(i) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA)**. 

In this article, you can discover the benefits, requirements, and steps of Adjustment of Status (AoS). So keep reading to learn how AoS can benefit you and take the first step toward becoming a permanent resident!

Note: By referring to "You" throughout the article, we mean the “beneficiary”.
## Why You Should Do Adjustment of Status
Making the US your home can come with lots of perks and benefits. These perks can only be availed when you apply for an adjustment of status of your temporary visa, **to become a Green Card holder through [employment](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/employment-based) or [family](https://www.grapelaw.com/visas/family-green-cards).**

### No Need to Leave the U.S.
By filing your adjustment of status application, you may not need to leave the US for getting permanent residency, thus **saving lots of time, stress, and expenses.** 

You can complete all the paperwork, and interviews for permanent residency while you are in the US on a nonimmigrant visa, through this process.
 
### A Streamlined Process
AoS is a streamlined process of getting a Green Card that is more convenient than the consular process of getting an immigration permit from your home country.

Even if the advantages of getting a Green Card through AoS are a plus, **applications from your home country take less time during the process.**
### Access to Employment Opportunities
 AoS, which results in obtaining a permanent residency, provides you with **larger and more diverse job opportunities**, thus enabling greater career growth. 

After adjusting your status, you do not need a work visa or sponsorship every time you change your employer.

See also [the difference between Green Card and Non-immigrant visa](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/green-card-vs-visa-2023)
### Ability to Travel Freely
While you’ve applied for permanent residency through the process of AoS, it would ensure that you don't need any additional paperwork or visa process every time you travel inside the US. 

You can travel outside of the US also while your AoS is pending in case of unavoidable circumstances or an emergency only. This can be done by obtaining an additional advance parole document (or travel permit). 

**We recommend you not to travel outside of the US while your status is pending,** as USCIS considers going outside of US, while the application is under review as equivalent to abandoning the application.  

Worth reminding that absence of more than 6 months from the U.S. may break the continuity of your residency. For more information visit [uscis.gov](https://www.uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-12-part-d-chapter-3#:~:text=Absence%20of%20More%20than%206,the%20continuity%20of%20such%20residence.) web page.
### Government Benefits
A pending permanent residency status still gets you essential government benefits, like Social Security, and Medicare. 

Apart from these perks, you get a few extra benefits while your AoS is pending such as

- You can apply for Advance Parole. This allows you to travel abroad while your application gets approved.
- Even if your nonimmigrant visa expires during the pending status, you can still legally live in the US.
- You can work under any U.S. employer.
*Depending on your Green Card category, you may be obliged to work for your sponsorship in a period of time.*
## Adjustment of Status Requirements
You must fulfill a few general requirements in order to qualify for an application to AoS. 

- You must be **physically present,** at the time of the petition, in the United States.
- You must **not have inadmissibility grounds** for adjustment of status.
- You, while being an alien, must possess an approved immigration petition.
- You must have **entered the US legally** during the interim residential period (i.e. while being a nonimmigrant)
- Your petition shall qualify and will be subject to the availability of a Green Card **within a particular numerical annual quota.**

Additionally, there shouldn't be any change(s) in circumstances that could negatively affect your adjustment of status. 

## Two Broad Categories of AoS Petitions
The two broad categories for classification of the petitions AoS is based on the kind of relationship that the beneficiary immigrant possesses with the U.S. sponsor. 

The US sponsor, who is also the “petitioner”, can be the family relation of the beneficiary, or their employer.
### Family-Based Petition Category
There are two subcategories of AoS petitions that you can consider under Family-based petitions.
#### Immediate Relative Petition
This subcategory applies to the immediate **family members of a US citizen only.** The beneficiaries under this category are given special immigration priority. And an unlimited number of visas are available throughout. 

If you are a US citizen, you can file for an immediate relative petition on behalf of your parent(s), spouse, child (unmarried, below 21), or stepchild (or an adopted orphan). 

As a petitioner, you will be required to file an I-130 petition on behalf of the beneficiary and be required to show proof of your US citizenship and evidence of your relationship with the beneficiary. 

**While filing an I-130 petition, you can simultaneously apply for AoS.** 

Filing the I-130 petition assures USCIS, in proof, that you possess an immediate family relationship with the petitioner (a US citizen). 

While the function of the status adjustment application is that the beneficiary doesn't possess any admissibility issues which might affect his/her approval and that the background checks have been conducted to ascertain the beneficiary's complete identity.

#### Family-Preference Petitions
Family Preference Petitions **are meant for more distant family relationships.** These petitions are reserved for U.S. citizens and lawful permanent residents. These are few in number and have more wait time associated with them in comparison with the above category.
Qualifying family relationships with the beneficiary include- 

- **F1** - Son or Daughter (21 or above, unmarried), of U.S. Citizens 
- **F2A** - Spouse; Unmarried Son, Unmarried Daughter (under 21), of Permanent Residents
- **F2B** - Adult and Unmarried Daughters and Sons, of Permanent Residents 
- **F3** - Married son or daughter (any age), of U.S. Citizens
- **F4** - Brother or Sister, of Adult U.S. Citizens

You will be required to establish your relationship with the beneficiary. And must pledge to sponsor the beneficiary family member to the US. Also, you must assure that they are free of inadmissibility issues such as the absence of health, immigration violations, and criminal record issues. 
### Employment-Based Preference Petitions
The Employment-based (EB) preference immigrant categories are reserved for those aliens who wish to get permanent resident status through EB visa categories. An alien’s status can be adjusted to permanent residency, while they’re in the US working under different professions.

There are three kinds of employment categories that are applicable for adjustment. 

- **First preference (EB-1)** - These include priority workers, such as aliens with extraordinary abilities, outstanding professors and researchers, and multinational executives and managers.
- **Second preference (EB-2)** - EB-2 include people holding advanced degrees in various professions.
- **Third preference (EB-3)** - This category includes skilled workers, and professionals not included in EB-1 and EB-2.
- **Fourth Preference (EB-4)** - Exceptional applications. Mostly used for religious workers.
- **Fifth Preference (EB-5)** - Permanent residency through high amount of investment.

You, as a self-petition, or your employer should fill out Form I-140, Immigration Petition for Alien Worker along with Form I-485, in order to qualify.

If you are not sure about which petition you should file, you should contact an experienced immigration attorney who shall help you at each step of the application process. Nevertheless, we have simplified the steps for AoS below.
## Steps for Adjustment of Status
### Determine If You are Eligible for Green Card
Firstly, you need to check your (beneficiary's) eligibility for Green Card. You can check this by giving a glance at various immigrant categories.
 
It is of utmost importance for you to know which category is applicable to you, as each category has a different set of requirements, failing which your application might not move further.

Check your Green Card eligibility categories from [USCIS](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-eligibility-categories).
### File an Immigrant Petition for the Beneficiary
Now that you have checked your eligibility, it's time that you consider filling out two forms 

- Immigrant Petition: Form I-130 or Form I-140
- Adjustment of Status: Form I-485 

The immigrant petition form will be filled on your (beneficiary) behalf by a US citizen, or a lawful permanent resident (Green Card holder) of the US. 

There are various types of petition forms that depend on the relationship of the beneficiary in the context of the petitioner. 

For example, if you are an alien relative, then your immigrant petition form will be Form I-130; Form I-140 for an alien worker; Form I-929 for a Family member of a U-1 Nonimmigrant. 

After your immigrant petition is approved, you can move on to fill out the AoS form i.e. Form I-485. Sometimes Form I-485 can be filled simultaneously with the Immigrant Petition Form, or while the latter is pending. **This is called "Concurrent Filing"**

### File Form I-485
You can file Form I-485. This is a formal application for adjustment of status. As noted earlier, you must be residing in the US for filing this form.
### Take your Application Support Center (ASC) Appointment
You will need to go for your biometrics after filing Form I-485. The USCIS will notify you of the date(s), time, and location on which your biometric is to be done.

They will ask you to come to a local **Application Support Center (ASC)** for the metrics.The biometrics largely include your fingerprints, photograph, and signature, so that USCIS can establish your identity for background and security checks.
   
In case you are not available on the notified timings, you need to notify USCIS and request to reschedule your appointment, failing which your Form I-485 may get nullified.
### Attend Your Interview
In certain cases, USCIS will call you for an interview. They will ask you to take an oath and affirmation with regard to Form I-485.
 
You (beneficiary) will be required to be accompanied by your petitioner (lawful permanent resident or citizen of the US).

Both of you must carry all the documents that you submitted with Form I-485, in original. This may include- passports, travel documents, Form I-94.
### Check Your AoS Status
Once you are done with all the formalities, you can wait for the formal approval of your Status. You may check your status through a [dedicated online portal](https://egov.uscis.gov/casestatus/landing.do), or by calling USCIS Contact Center at 800-375-5283.

You need to keep the details such as receipt number, A-number*, name, and date of birth handy for reference.

***A-number** is an Alien Registration Number. It is a seven to nine-digit unique identification number provided to you (a noncitizen) by USCIS. This number is used for identifying, referencing, and tracking immigration files. It looks something like- A012345678*
### Final Decision
USCIS is the authority to make the final decision on your Green Card application. Once they approve your application, they will send you an Approval Notice in writing. 

After you get the Approval Notice, a little later, you will receive your actual Green Card, congrats!

All the above steps are crucial for a successful Adjustment of Status (AoS) application. If you have difficulty following or want to get more clarity on the steps above, consider getting a consultation with an experienced immigration attorney.
## Adjustment of Status Timeline
If you are wondering how long it takes to get the status of your residence permit adjusted, that depends on several factors, such as- the type of application, the number of people applying, and your individual circumstances.

Often, the processing time is slow. However, you may consider the following as approximate timings for adjustment of status.

- **Alien Relative (Form I-130)** - 15 months
- **Nonimmigrant Worker on H-1B visa (Form I-129)**- 2 months
- **Alien Fiancé (Form I-129F)**- 16.5 months
- **Alien Worker on E31/E32 Visa**- 7.5 months
- **A Family Member of U Nonimmigrant** - 27 months.

Note: The above timeline is for California Service Center, and are approximate dates of processing. The processing time highly depends on the Service Center, or the Field Office that you have applied from. Currently, there are 5 Service Centers that you can apply from. 

You can calculate the processing time for your application on [USCIS](https://egov.uscis.gov/processing-times/).
## Working with Grape Law for Adjustment of Status

The immigration process can be complex and tedious. While you can always get support through your petitioner, consulting with an Immigration Attorney can make the process more fruitful and hassle-free.

An immigration attorney would make you understand all the legal requirements, take care of your documentation, and appear successfully for any appointments.

So don't leave your future in the hands of chance. Contact our immigration advisor so that all the needs are fulfilled, and requirements are met. [Schedule a consultation](https://calendly.com/grapelaw) with us and take the first step toward obtaining your Green Card today.

## FAQ
**What are the Benefits of Filing an Adjustment of Status?**

Adjustment of status (AoS) puts you in the process of becoming a permanent resident of the US. While your status is pending, you can still work and travel freely across the US lawfully.

**How Long Does Adjustment of Status Take?**

It typically takes 12 to 24 months (excluding exceptions), depending on the type of application and other factors.

**What are the Steps for Adjustment of Status?**

Firstly, you check eligibility categories, Then you submit Form I-485, gather supporting documents, attend the biometric appointment, and wait for the decision.

**What is the Difference between a Change of Status and an Adjustment of Status?**

Change of Status is when you apply to change your nonimmigrant status to another kind of nonimmigrant status.
Adjustment of Status is when you apply for changing a Nonimmigrant to an Immigrant (Green Card) status.

**What are the Inadmissibility Grounds?**

Inadmissibility from applying is a situation due to which you may be denied access to becoming a permanent resident. The bar to adjustment can include an undesirable and unlawful means for entry to the US, and commitment of an act of violation.

**What is Concurrent Filing?**

When you submit Form I-130 and Form I-485 simultaneously, it is called Concurrent Filing.

**What Happens if the AoS is Denied?**

You can file an appeal or a motion to reopen or reconsider if your application is denied.






Adjustment of Status (AoS) is what you need to apply for permanent residency, while inside the US on a nonimmigrant visa.

adjustment of status requirements and steps

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Adjustment of Status Requirements and Steps

Coming to the U.S. requires different documents depending on your purpose of visit. If you are looking for a temporary stay, you should explore non-immigrant visas to see which one is better for your visit. However, if you plan on building a life in the U.S. permanently, you are required to apply for immigrant visas (Green Card or permanent residency card).  

Immigrant visas and nonimmigrant visas are two different types of visas issued by the U.S. government that allow individuals to enter the country. An immigrant visa is issued to an individual who intends to live permanently in the U.S. and apply for a green card. An individual with an immigrant visa can apply for permanent residency after entering the U.S. 

On the other hand, a nonimmigrant visa is issued to an individual who intends to visit the U.S. temporarily for a specific purpose such as tourism, business, education, or work, and does not intend to stay permanently. Nonimmigrant visa holders are allowed to stay in the U.S. for a specific period of time and must leave the country before their visa expires. 

If you are not a citizen of the United States, you may be wondering about the differences between a green card and a visa. Both allow you to live and work in the United States, but there are some key differences to be aware of. A green card grants an individual the legal right to live and work in the United States permanently. It is the first step towards becoming a U.S. citizen. But immigrant visas are issued by U.S. consular officials at embassies or consulates outside of the United States. Immigrant Visas allow an individual to enter the U.S. for the purpose of becoming a permanent resident.  

The main difference between a green card and an immigrant visa is that a green card is issued to individuals who are already inside the U.S., whereas an immigrant visa is issued to individuals who are outside the U.S. and wish to enter the country for the purpose of becoming permanent residents. In both cases, the individual must go through a process of applying and being approved before they can receive the card or visa.  

In this blog, we will explain U.S. visas and Green Cards. We will point out their differences to inform you best before you set out on your journey to the United States of America! 

## Understanding the Differences between a Visa and a Green Card
 
A visa is an official document that allows a foreign national to enter the United States for a specific purpose, such as tourism, study, or work. There are several types of visas available, including tourist visas, student visas, and work visas. Each type of visa has its own set of requirements, and the process for obtaining one can vary depending on the type of visa and the individual's situation. 

A green card, on the other hand, is a document that grants a foreign national permanent legal residence in the United States. With a green card, an individual is able to live and work in the United States indefinitely and can also apply for U.S. citizenship after a certain period of time. Obtaining a green card is a more complex process than obtaining a visa, and typically requires sponsorship from an employer or a family member who is a U.S. citizen or green card holder. 

The visitors are asked to have their visa while they are entering the U.S. In order to have it, the applicants must apply for a U.S. visa in their country of origin. Therefore, you should apply through your home country's [U.S. consulates or embassies.](https://www.usembassy.gov/)   

<div style="background: #0C7D93; padding: 5px; color : white; font-size:large; "> It's important to note that a green card holder is considered a lawful permanent resident of the United States, while a visa holder is considered a non-immigrant, who is authorized to be in the United States for a specific purpose and period of time.</div>  

## The Types of Visas: Immigrant and Non-Immigrant 
 
The eligibility criteria for the visas are varied. So, the applicant should understand whether they fulfill the requirements and, if so, what documents they are asked to submit during the application process. Once the applicant obtains their visa and arrives in the U.S., they should be cautious about meeting the requirements of their period of residence. If they fail to leave the country once their visa expires, they might have difficulty receiving another visa approval. The extension of the visa could be possible depending on the category of the visa the visitor has. Lastly, it is not possible to proceed with the process of citizenship with the visa. 
U.S. visas are divided into two categories: nonimmigrant and immigrant visas. 

### Nonimmigrant Visas
  
[Nonimmigrant visas](https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/visa-information-resources/all-visa-categories.html) are issued to applicants who come to the U.S. temporarily. They need to assure the U.S. government that they will not seek permanent residency while in the United States. This visa category includes tourism, study, and particular employment, such as B-1 and B-2 Visitor Visas, E-1 Visa, E-2 Visa, F-1 Visa, L-1 Visa, O-1 Visa, and H-1B Visa, etc.   

Moreover, some visas are issued for applicants who have dual intent. It means that an individual could enter the U.S. and consider applying for permanent immigration at some time in the future, for example, H-1B Temporary Workers in a Specialty Occupation Visa and O-1 Individual with Extraordinary Ability or Achievement. 

### Immigrant Visas

Immigrant visas are divided into two main categories: family-based and employment-based. Family-based visas are for individuals who have a close family member who is a U.S. citizen or green card holder and wish to join them in the United States. Employment-based visas are for individuals who have a job offer from a U.S. employer and wish to work in the United States. Both of these categories have different requirements, and the process for obtaining one can vary depending on the type of visa and the individual's situation.  

It's important to understand the difference between immigrant and non-immigrant visas and how they relate to a green card. A green card grants an individual permanent legal residence in the United States, while a non-immigrant visa is temporary and allows an individual to enter the United States for a specific purpose. On the other hand, an immigrant visa is for individuals who wish to permanently immigrate to the United States and obtain a green card. 

Read more about specific visa types and their requirement on [our website](https://www.grapelaw.com/practice-areas/immigration-law). 

## Green Cards – The Road to Permanent Residency
 
Green Cards are physical cards that allow their holders to live and work in the United States permanently. Green Cards allow people to pursue U.S. citizenship after a certain period of stay. In another word, Green Cards are immigrant visas without any legal stay limits. U.S. Visas and Green Cards can be applied for while the applicant is in the United State. However, they are issued after you arrive in America; this is, of course, if you apply for a green card outside of the U.S.  

While applying to U.S. Visas, the applicant is not asked for sponsors such as through family or employment. However, to apply for Green Cards, the applicant must have a sponsor. The process of applying for a Green Card is far more complicated than a U.S. Visa application as they are asked to submit more documents. 

If the applicant is in the U.S. with an immigrant visa, they can obtain their green card via an [adjustment of status](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures/adjustment-of-status) application. This means that the applicant does not have to return to their home country to complete the visa application process.  

If the applicant is not in the U.S., they can apply and be issued their green card through [consular processing](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-processes-and-procedures/consular-processing). There are various green cards available listed under the green card category. Some of them are listed below:  

- [Green Card through Family  ](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-eligibility/green-card-for-family-preference-immigrants)
- [Green Cards through Employment](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-eligibility/green-card-for-employment-based-immigrants)  
- [Green Card through Diversity Visa Lottery ](https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-eligibility/green-card-through-the-diversity-immigrant-visa-program) 
- Green Card through Humanitarian Prospects (refugees, victims of human trafficking, asylum seekers, etc.)  

To learn more about Green Cards, read our blog titled [What is a Green Card and How to Apply for It?](https://www.grapelaw.com/library/content/what-is-a-green-card-and-how-to-apply-for-it) on our website. 

## In Conclusion 

The main differences between a green card and a visa are: 

- A green card allows you to live and work in the United States indefinitely, while a visa allows you to enter the United States for a specific purpose and a limited time. 
- Green card holders are considered permanent residents and are eligible for many of the same benefits as U.S. citizens, while visa holders are not. 
- Obtaining a green card is a more complicated process than obtaining a visa. 
 
## Contact Us to Plan Your Journey to the USA 

A visa and a green card serve different purposes and have different requirements. A visa is a temporary document that allows an individual to enter the United States for a specific purpose, while a green card grants permanent legal residence in the United States. If you are considering immigrating to the United States, it is important to understand the differences between a visa and a green card and to consult with an experienced immigration attorney to help guide you through the process. 

At Grape Law, we provide exceptional legal service to our clients who are seeking to obtain their U.S. visas or Green Cards. Our unique team of immigration attorneys will guide, give consultations, and manage your U.S. immigration aspirations. For any inquiries relating to application preparation, process, and visa and green card issuance, please do not hesitate to contact us at [info@grapelaw.com](mailto:info@grapelaw.com) or schedule a face-to-face meeting via [our calendar](https://calendly.com/grapelaw) to get an all-around consultancy!   
   
 
  
 
 
 

Coming to the U.S. requires different documents depending on your purpose of visit. If you are looking for a temporary stay, you should explore non-immigrant visas to see which one is better for your visit. However, if you plan on building a life in the U.S. permanently, you are required to apply for immigrant visas (Green Card or permanent residency card).  

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Green Card and Visa- How are They Different? | Grape Law

Green Card

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