The Department of State has recently announced significant changes to the Exchange Visitor Skills List. In this important update, a total of 34 countries have been removed from this list, including South Korea, China, India, and Turkey. This change is particularly noteworthy for individuals applying for J-1 exchange visitor visas, as the two-year home country physical presence requirement no longer applies to nations not included in the Skills List.

### **Key Takeaways:**

ℹ️ **Impact on Visa Requirements:**

Individuals from countries no longer on the 2024 Skills List will not be subject to the two-year home country physical presence requirement that might have been previously enforced. This change opens doors for many exchange visitors who had anticipated these restrictions.

ℹ️ **Revised Skills List:**

The updated Exchange Visitor Skills, which went into effect on December 9, 2024, Consular officers will reference the updated Exchange Visitor Skills, which went into effect on December 9, when making preliminary determinations for J-1 visa applicants. Understanding this list is crucial for prospective applicants as it dictates their eligibility and associated obligations for their visa status.

ℹ️ **Other Conditions Still Apply:**

While the removal from the Skills List alleviates the two-year residency requirement for some, other conditions remain in effect. Applicants who have received funding from the U.S. government or their home country's government may still be required to fulfill this two-year stay. Furthermore, participants who have completed graduate medical education or training in the U.S. are also subject to this residency obligation. Therefore, understanding the specifics of one’s situation is paramount.

### **Understanding the Exchange Visitor Skills List**

The Exchange Visitor Skills List is a fundamental component for applicants seeking J-1 visas. This list identifies specific skills and expertise deemed necessary for the development of various countries. Those applicants from nations included on the list were previously required to return home for two years, a rule designed to ensure that knowledge and skills gained in the U.S. could be utilized to benefit their home countries. With the recent removal of several countries from the list, numerous applicants can now pursue opportunities in the U.S. without the burden of this residency requirement.

### **Who Benefits from the Changes?**

The recent changes bring relief to several exchange visitors who would have faced the two-year obligation. This includes individuals from sectors that benefit from international experience, such as academia, healthcare, and technology. The update could potentially attract more applicants from previously restricted countries and therefore enhancing cultural exchange and diversity within the U.S. Furthermore, it supports those in work-and-travel programs, allowing them to take advantage of opportunities without the constraints of mandatory home return.

### **New Opportunities Awaiting J-1 Visa Holders**

The removal of the two-year residency requirement can also lead to new pathways for J-1 visa holders. Now, participants have the opportunity to seek alternative visa statuses or even permanent residency while remaining in the U.S. This flexibility not only encourages personal and professional growth but also allows participants to build valuable connections and experiences that will benefit their careers in the long term.

In addition to seeking permanent residency, J-1 visa holders can also explore options in various sectors without the two-year wait and enhance their professional networks and job prospects. This shift in policy represents a milestone for J-1 visa holders and prospective applicants and paves the way for increased opportunities for international exchange and collaboration.

### **Navigating the J-1 Visa Landscape: What’s Next?**

As these changes take effect, prospective J-1 visa applicants and current holders should stay informed about their options. Resources are available through the U.S. government and consulates to help navigate the complexities of visa applications and compliance with new regulations. Regularly reviewing the Skills List and consulting with immigration advisors, like the attorneys of Grape Law, can provide clarity and guidance in what can be a confusing process.



The J-1 visa's two-year home residency requirement was lifted for more countries. 

The U.S. Lifts the J-1 Visa's Two-year Home Residency Requirement for More Countries

As the political landscape undergoes transformation following the recent election, businesses and individuals are left pondering the future of U.S. immigration policy. With Donald Trump back in office, potential changes may be on the horizon, particularly concerning high-skilled immigration.

Let's start with the common concerns among immigrant prospects. 

## Prospective Immigrants' Common Concerns


In recent days, immigrant prospects have found themselves occupied with various issues that might be concerning for their future aspirations in the U.S.. Let's take a closer look at them.

**Uncertainty and Chaos:** The prevailing uncertainty surrounding new immigration laws and policies stands as the primary concern for many individuals. This unpredictability can lead to job insecurity and anxiety about the future.

**Visa Processes:** Issues such as visa application rejections, prolonged processing times, or changes in visa categories, yes, can pose nerve-breaking hurdles.

**Legal Obstacles:** The complicated nature of immigration laws and their frequent changes can make it challenging for individuals to obtain the legal support they need, thus increasing stress levels among prospective immigrants.

**Social Alienation:** Changes in policies that target specific immigrant groups can exacerbate negative perceptions, resulting in increased alienation for these individuals within society.

These are all valid concerns, but high-skilled immigration to the U.S. is the less likely type of immigration to be adversely affected by the potential changes in the immigration landscape. 

Here's why.

## Don't Worry, You Are in Safe Hands: Bipartisan Support for High-Skilled Immigration


A recent survey from Pew Research show a remarkable bipartisan consensus regarding high-skilled immigration. An impressive 71% of Trump supporters and 87% of Harris supporters favor increasing opportunities for skilled immigrants. This reflects a shared understanding of the critical role these individuals play in strengthening the U.S. economy and fostering innovation.

## In a Nutshell: Key Implications of Bipartisan Support


**Stability in Visa Categories:** Given the broad support for high-skilled immigration, visa categories such as E-2, L-1, O-1, EB-1, and NIW are likely to remain intact. This stability is vital for companies seeking to attract and retain top talent in their industries.

**Boosting Global Competitiveness:** High-skilled immigrants are crucial for innovation in technology, healthcare, and engineering. Continued support for these individuals is essential to maintaining the U.S.'s edge in a competitive global market.

Here at Grape Law, we are frequently asked on the expected policy changes that the Trump-Vance administration can implement in the next 4 years. In reality, there is not one definitive answer, but we can foresee certain changes to likely happen in the near future. 

## Expected Policy Changes


As Donald Trump resumes his presidency, many anticipate significant shifts in immigration policy. The focus may shift notably towards high-skilled immigration given its broad support among various political factions. While enforcement measures might tighten in areas concerning undocumented immigrants, the public sentiment surrounding high-skilled labor is largely favorable. This divergence could lead to a nuanced approach where skilled immigrants are welcomed, reflecting their essential role in driving the economy and innovation.

**Public Endorsement:** The consensus crossing party lines—evident from the surveys indicating overwhelming support for high-skilled immigration—suggests that significant portions of the electorate understand the economic repercussions of restricting skilled labor. This kind of public endorsement could influence policymakers to create a more welcoming environment for skilled workers.

**Legislative Prospects:** With both chambers of Congress observing public sentiment, we might see legislative proposals aimed at streamlining the visa process for high-skilled immigrants. Lawmakers are likely to propose solutions that not only cater to economic needs but also address the human element, such as family reunification and educational opportunities for international students.

**Cautious Optimism:** While uncertainty remains high regarding broader immigration reforms, high-skilled immigrants may find some reprieve. As businesses advocate for accessible pathways to obtain skilled labor, it is crucial for policymakers to strike a balance that nurtures the economy without neglecting the enforcement of immigration laws that protect national interests.

By closely monitoring these evolving dynamics, businesses can better anticipate the implications of policy changes on high-skilled labor, ensuring their growth and innovation continue unabated.

## Let Us Address The Common Concerns in Detail


For the prospective immigrants, we advise to you to keep the following in mind:

**Public Sentiment Favors Skilled Immigration:** There is strong public backing for high-skilled immigrants, particularly for international students with U.S. degrees. For instance, 63% of Trump supporters support allowing these individuals to stay in the U.S. This illustrates a common recognition of the economic benefits they offer.

**Balanced Policy Approach:** Although some enforcement might intensify, the overall framework for high-skilled immigration is expected to remain favorable. Businesses should prepare for a possible mix of scrutiny regarding foreign labor and ongoing pathways for skilled workers.

**Growth in Key Industries:** Sectors that rely heavily on skilled labor, such as technology and biotech, will continue to advocate for immigration pathways suited to their needs. The robust public sentiment towards skilled immigration supports business growth in these areas.

## What to Do Moving Forward?


In this evolving landscape, businesses can take proactive steps to adapt and thrive. We recommend the following measures:

**Stay Updated:** The immigration environment is fluid. Keeping a close eye on policy updates and public sentiment will help businesses anticipate changes. Regular updates from Grape Law Firm can keep you informed.

**Consult Immigration Experts:** Engage with immigration attorneys specializing in business immigration to navigate applications and compliance. 

**Foster Open Communication:** Encourage dialogue with foreign employees about their immigration status. Providing resources, such as informational sessions on immigration options, can alleviate concerns and build trust.

**Strengthen Compliance Programs:** Proactively review your company’s employment practices and documentation to ensure compliance. An audit of Form I-9 records will prepare your organization for potential scrutiny.

## Timeline for Effective Changes


Yes, we expect legal and policy changes sooner than later. But still, a timeframe for immigration law and policy changes is a hard guess. Let's explore the why below.

**Legal Processes:** Changes to immigration laws typically depend on the legislative process, which can vary based on the current political climate and congressional negotiations. Implementing new laws could take several months to a few years.

**Bureaucratic Implementation:** The actual implementation of new laws relies on the efficiency of immigration agencies (such as USCIS) and their internal policies. Once changes are enacted, the rollout might take a few months, contingent on the resources allocated to administer the new processes.

**Temporary Measures and Periodic Changes:** The government may introduce temporary measures or exceptions for specific situations, allowing certain groups of immigrants to navigate the system more swiftly. However, such measures may not provide long-term solutions.

## In Conclusion


Political transitions may bring uncertainty, but strong bipartisan support for high-skilled immigration remains a positive indicator for individuals and businesses alike. Continued support for high-skilled immigrants is crucial for fostering innovation and economic growth. And the U.S. acknowledges that its prosperity and sustainability depend on foreign immigration.

At Grape Law Firm, we recognize the invaluable contributions that high-skilled immigrants make to U.S. innovation and economic success. Our commitment to navigating the complexities of U.S. immigration law ensures that we stand beside you as you pursue new opportunities in this evolving landscape. Together, we can convert challenges into chances for a brighter future, ensuring that high-skilled immigration continues to thrive in the United States.

For more information or to begin your journey, reach out to us at info@grapelaw.com. We're ready to help you flourish your career and business in the U.S. 

Read our take on the recent developments in U.S. politics and what potentially awaits U.S. foreign immigration, with a focus on high-skilled immigration.

After 2024 U.S. General Elections: The Resilience of High-Skilled Immigration 

# **Grape Law Among the 'Top 100 Successful Small and Mid-Sized Firms in the U.S.'!**

The U.S. Chamber of Commerce, one of the most respected institutions in the American business ecosystem, honored America's most successful small and mid-sized firms with 'The 2024 CO-100' list. In a process evaluating over 14,000 firms, companies were assessed based on their business cultures, innovation skills, and their success in overcoming challenges to determine America's top 100 small and mid-sized firms. Grape Law successfully completed the evaluation process and became one of the prestigious firms listed.

Grape Law was included in the list under the 'Growth Accelerators' category due to 'the uniqueness of its strategies in marketing, product innovation, and client services, as well as extraordinary creativity and expertise in its approach to growth.'

### **A Hopeful Start to the Immigration Journey**

Based in New York and with 70 employees & more than a decade of experience, Grape Law's Founder Muhammed Üzüm offers services in many areas of U.S. immigration law, including company formation in the U.S.; visa, Green Card, and citizenship applications. Mr. Üzüm’s words that prove this success is no coincidence:

*"Our determination to do our job in the best way possible, our innovative ideas, our communication methods, and the technology investments associated with it have enabled us to create trust and satisfaction among our clients. It is gratifying to see that this trust and satisfaction we offer is also recognized by official institutions. We will continue to work diligently to ensure that the immigration journey, often seen as a dream and usually faced unprepared against challenges, begins with the hope it deserves."*

According to information released by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, 'The 2024 CO-100' list includes firms from 16 different sectors. These firms, earning more than 400 million dollars in annual revenue, provide employment to over 5,000 people.

The firms listed in the 'CO-100' will come together on October 8, 2024, hosted by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce."

Grape Law Was Among the 'Top 100 Successful Small and Mid-Sized Firms in the U.S.


Grape Law Ranked Among the "Top 100 Successful Firms in the U.S."

The O-1 Visa is an emblem of the United States' dedication to embracing extraordinary talents from across the globe. This specialized visa category serves as a magnet for those who are not only renowned in their professional spheres but who also aspire to extend their influence within American society. As an immigration attorney, my practice is deeply rooted in the process of recognizing and advocating for these remarkable individuals, enabling them to share their extraordinary abilities in the U.S. and contribute to its legacy of innovation and cultural richness. The O-1 Visa stands out for its detailed yet rewarding pathway, which has been navigated by universally famous personalities such as Justin Bieber, Trevor Noah, Hugh Jackman, Lionel Messi, and more, underscoring its role as a vital vehicle for extraordinary talents’ U.S. immigration.

### **Exploring the O-1 Visa's Categories: Recognizing Extraordinary Talents**

The O-1 Visa program is a strategic asset of the U.S. that designed to attract individuals who have proven to be leaders and innovators in their respective fields. The O-1A category is for professionals with extraordinary abilities in the sciences, education, business, or athletics, recognizing those whose accomplishments are at the forefront of their disciplines and can propel American industries to new heights. Conversely, the O-1B visa is dedicated to artists, entertainers, and performers who have achieved distinction, such as actor Hugh Jackman, whose exemplary career and international recognition in the performing arts have led to his successful acquisition of an O-1B visa.

The stringent criteria for both O-1A and O-1B visas include evidence of national or international awards, significant media recognition, memberships in prestigious organizations, and extensive documentation of the individual's contributions to their field. The O-1 visa not only acknowledges personal success but also ensures that these extraordinary professionals enrich the U.S. with their innovative skills and cultural heritage, thereby enhancing the nation's global standing in various sectors.

 ![](/uploads/Leo_Messi_webp_a6795bce44.webp) 
Leo Messi.

### **Expansive Eligibility: Celebrating Excellence in Varied Fields**

The O-1 Visa's eligibility criteria are expansive, inclusive, and designed to recognize a diverse array of individuals who have demonstrated exceptional ability and achievement. While the visa is indeed a pathway for internationally respected talents like soccer maestro Lionel Messi, who has successfully secured his place in the U.S. through an O-1 visa, it also caters to those who might not be in the public eye but have nonetheless reached leading positions in their professions. These people are often authorities in their fields, having earned major, internationally-recognized awards, such as Nobel Prizes or Olympic medals, or they might have a sustained track record of prominent, original contributions that have led to substantial scholarly or peer acclaim.

The eligibility extends to recognizing those whose work has had a major impact on their industry, evidenced by leading roles in distinguished organizations, or by commanding a high salary or other substantial remuneration, indicative of their extraordinary status. This ensures that the U.S. benefits not just from star athletes and celebrities, but also from top-tier scientists, groundbreaking researchers, innovative entrepreneurs, and acclaimed experts in every field imaginable. The O-1 Visa thus serves as a dynamic tool for enriching the intellectual and cultural fabric of the nation by inviting individuals who are not only at the summit of their careers but who also bring a wealth of knowledge, expertise, and innovation to the American landscape.

### **Enriching the U.S. Through Extraordinary Contributions**

The O-1 Visa holders are a driving force in the U.S. economy and culture with their influence extending far beyond the immediate scope of their fields. For instance, Justin Bieber, a recipient of the O-1 Visa, has made valuable contributions to the American music industry, influencing genres and trends while also generating substantial economic activity through concerts, merchandise, and media presence. The success stories of O-1 Visa recipients like Bieber underscore the visa's role in attracting individuals whose talents and endeavors have a multiplier effect, leading to job creation, stimulating innovation, and enhancing the global competitiveness of U.S. industries.

O-1 Visa holders do not only stimulate economic progression; they also play a crucial role in cultural exchange and diversity. These individuals bring unique perspectives and skills that enrich the American arts and sciences, fostering cross-cultural dialogue and understanding. The USCIS data reflecting thousands of O-1 visas approved annually is a testament to the United States' recognition and appreciation of the invaluable assets these extraordinary professionals represent. By welcoming such individuals, the U.S. not only reinforces its cultural mosaic but also encourages a dynamic environment where innovation and creativity are paramount, further cementing its position as a global leader in various sectors.

 ![](/uploads/Jillian_Tamaki_4a6b2d3897.webp)
 Trevor Noah. Illustration: Jillian Tamaki 

### **Navigating the O-1 Visa Application: A Showcase of Distinction**

The journey to secure an O-1 Visa is an exacting process that demands a meticulously curated dossier, showcasing the applicant's extraordinary talents. Comedian and television host Trevor Noah's successful attainment of an O-1 Visa is a case in point, illustrating the level of distinction required for approval. Noah's application would have included evidence of his international awards, critical acclaim, and the significant influence of his comedic and literary works, which exemplify the caliber of achievement the O-1B visa recognizes. His journey from a South African comedian to a prominent TV host in the United States highlights the transformative power of the O-1 Visa for individuals who have reached the pinnacle of their careers on an international scale.

Applicants must provide extensive documentation, such as evidence of original contributions of major importance, high salary or remuneration indicative of their extraordinary status, and published material in reputable publications. The process often involves testimonials from peers or experts in the field, validating the applicant's unique professional stature. Moreover, the applicants must demonstrate a clear intent to continue working in their area of extraordinary ability by presenting their employment offer within the U.S., which underscores the visa's role in not only acknowledging past achievements but also in fostering future innovation and excellence on American soil.

In closing, the O-1 Visa stands as a testament to the U.S.'s ongoing commitment to fostering a diverse and dynamic environment where global talent can flourish. Its inclusive parameters invite professionals from various backgrounds to contribute their specialized skills and accomplishments to the American tapestry. The narratives of renowned figures such as Bieber, Noah, Jackman, and Messi enrich the U.S.'s cultural diversity and propel its economic and innovative prowess. As an immigration attorney, I am honored to facilitate the journey of these distinguished immigrants, ensuring that the U.S. remains a nurturing ground for the world's finest minds and artists.

The O-1 Visa is an emblem of the United States' dedication to embracing extraordinary talents from across the globe.

The O-1 Visa: A Gateway for Extraordinary Talents Across Industries

# **What is the Visa Bulletin?**

The Visa Bulletin is a crucial document for anyone going through the U.S. immigration process. Published monthly by the U.S. Department of State, it provides updated cut-off dates for immigrant visa applicants based on their priority date, visa category, and country of chargeability. The bulletin helps manage the flow of applications in line with the number of available visas, ensuring the caps set by U.S. immigration law are not exceeded.
## August Visa Bulletin

 ![](/uploads/webp_97e73a2dbc.webp) 

**Disclaimer:** The visa bulletin tables above only shows the dates for the column “All Chargeability Areas Except Those Listed” in the bulletin. They do not include dates for people born in China-mainland, India, Mexico, and Philippines.   

### **Making sense of the Visa Bulletin:**

**Family-based Categories** 

**- F-1 is for:** Unmarried Children (Age 21 and Older) of U.S. Citizens

**- F-2A is for:** Spouses and Unmarried Children (Under Age 21) of U.S. Green Card Holders

**- F-2B is for:** Unmarried Children (Age 21 or Older) of U.S. Green Card Holders

**- F-3 is for:** Married Children of U.S. Citizens

**- F-4 is for:** Siblings of U.S. Citizens

**Employment-based categories**

**- EB-1 is for:** Extraordinary Professionals, Outstanding Researchers and Professors, and Multinational Executives and Managers

**- EB-2 is for:** Professionals with Exceptional Knowledge & Abilities and Advanced Degree Holders

**- EB-3 is for:** Professionals, Skilled and Unskilled Workers

**- EB-5 is for**: Investors

## Visa Bulletin in a Nutshell

### **Priority Date, Simplified:**

Your journey through the immigration process starts with a priority date. This date is the actual day the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) receives your initial immigrant petition or Labor Certification. It acts as your placeholder in the visa queue and is critical in determining when you can apply for an immigrant visa or Green Card. Think of it as your ticket number at a deli counter—it tells you your turn in line.

### **Dates for Filing, Simplified:**

The "Dates for Filing" chart lets you know when you can get your documents ready and submit your visa application or adjustment of status application. However, it doesn't necessarily mean a visa is immediately available. It's the government's way of saying, "Get ready, your turn is coming up. However, these dates can change every month and therefore you should follow the bulletin consistently.

### **Final Action Dates, Simplified:**

When your priority date matches or is earlier than the "Final Action Dates" listed in the Visa Bulletin, it's time to celebrate. This means that a visa number is now available for your application, and the U.S. government can take final action on your case. Essentially, it's the green light signaling that your visa can now be issued. Applicants who are currently inside the U.S. can either use Dates for Filing or Final Action Dates chart to track when they can be issued an immigrant visa. However, applicants outside of the U.S. can only use Dates for Filing chart to track when they can be issued an immigrant visa.

### **What Does "Current" Mean?**

In the Visa Bulletin, if your visa category is listed as "Current," that's great news. It indicates there is no backlog for your particular visa category, and the department can process applications regardless of the applicants' priority dates. Simply put, you can go ahead and submit your application without delay.

### **What Exactly Is the "Cut-off" Date?**

The "cut-off" date draws the line between those who can proceed with their visa applications and those who need to wait. It's determined by the demand for visas in each category and the per-country limits. When the demand exceeds the available supply, the "cut-off" date is established to prevent exceeding the annual numerical limits set by U.S. immigration law.

### **What Does Backlog Mean?**

A backlog occurs when the demand for visas outstrips the supply, leading to a waiting period. This can happen for various reasons, such as per-country visa caps, high demand for visas from certain countries, or simply a significant number of applicants. A backlog means longer waiting times before an applicant can apply for an immigrant visa or a Green Card.

### **Frequently Asked Questions**

- **How can I find my priority date?**

Your priority date can be found on the I-797 form, the Notice of Action, issued by USCIS when you filed your immigrant visa petition or PERM labor certification.

- **Can the Visa Bulletin dates move backward?**

Yes, this is known as "retrogression," which can happen when more people apply for a visa in a category than there are visas available, or when the annual limit is reached.

- **What should I do if my visa category is not "Current"?**

If your category is not "Current," you should monitor the Visa Bulletin monthly to check for updates on the "Dates for Filing" and "Final Action Dates" for your category.

- **How often does the Visa Bulletin get updated?**

The Visa Bulletin is updated monthly. It's typically published around the middle of each month and provides information for the following month.

- **If my priority date is current one month and then not current the next, what happens?**

If your priority date is no longer current, you'll have to wait until it becomes current again before you can move forward with your immigrant visa or Green Card visa application. This fluctuation is due to the visa demand and allocation of visa numbers each month.

---

Navigating the Visa Bulletin can be complex, but it's a vital step in the U.S. immigration process. Understanding how the bulletin works and keeping up to date with its changes will help you manage your immigration journey more effectively. For personalized assistance and advice on your specific case, consider consulting with an experienced immigration **attorney.**

We demystify the nonimmigrant visa bulletin for prospective U.S. immigrants. 

Understanding the Visa Bulletin: A Guide for Prospective Immigrants

The United States, a nation built on the foundation of immigration, continues to thrive from foreign individuals who bring with them not only their aspirations but their ability to strengthen the economy as well. The impact of immigrants on the financial development and prosperity of the U.S. is ever-present, being an essential part of the nation's history. In an era where demographic changes and technological advancements are reshaping the global economic landscape, the role of immigration in sustaining and enhancing the U.S.'s economic position in the world is more critical than ever.

### **The Economic Influence of Immigrant Entrepreneurs**

Immigrant entrepreneurs are a driving force behind the U.S. economy's growth with their businesses contributing to job creation, innovation, and community enrichment across the country. National Foundation for American Policy’s (NFAP) brief from July 2023 emphasizes this substantial role that immigrants have played in the labor market, particularly post-pandemic, with findings of foreign workers accounting for nearly half of the employment growth from January 2021 through May 2023. These entrepreneurs often fill critical positions and, in turn, stimulate domestic consumption.

Immigrant-led companies are not just small businesses; they are among the most successful and forward-thinking firms in the country too. Companies such as Google, eBay, and Tesla, which were founded or co-founded by immigrants, have become international brands and employers. Their success stories are a testament to the entrepreneurial spirit that immigrant populations are famous for in the the U.S., effectively creating a culture of innovation and competitiveness.

Furthermore, the positive economic effects of immigrant entrepreneurship extend beyond the businesses they start. They diversify employment opportunities, including side jobs, increase demand for local services, and add to the tax base. As the data of NFAP's brief indicates, the participation of immigrants in the workforce helps the U.S. prevent economic stagnation. As much so, they support the U.S. to maintain its living standards by empowering a dynamic economy which is responsive to changing market demands and global trends.

 ![](/uploads/Denis_Balibouse_fe99bd2f7d.webp) 

### **Innovation and the Competitive Edge**

Immigrants’ inspirational works in the U.S. are particularly distinguishable in the arena of innovation. The industry-leading work of foreign-born scientists, engineers, and tech entrepreneurs has kept the U.S. at the front of technological progress for decades. Immigrants also provide the U.S. with the best and brightest labor force, extremely important for the nation as it faces a potential decline in its working-age population. Undoubtedly, without the intellectual capital provided by immigrants, the U.S. risks falling behind in the global race for scientific and technological leadership.

Additionally, the presence of immigrants in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) fields is crucial for driving forward new ideas and technologies. With a substantial portion of STEM graduates in U.S. universities being international students, the transition from academia to industry by these individuals is a key factor in the continuous flow of revolutionary ideas. Immigrants are known to have higher rates of patent filings and are more likely to start businesses in emerging industries, consequently elevating the U.S.'s competitive edge in the global market.

Last but not least, the skills that immigrants bring is essential in adapting to technological transformations, such as the recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation. Henceforth, foreign-born workers with specialized skills are specifically instrumental in industries where technological shifts are occurring, ensuring that the U.S. workforce remains adaptable and prepared for the jobs of tomorrow.

### **Cultural Diversity and Consumer Markets**

Immigration enriches the U.S. with a cultural vitality that has many and countable economic benefits. The varying backgrounds and experiences of immigrants lead to a greater range of consumer preferences and commercial ideas, which in turn drive business formation and economic growth. In that regard, a policy brief published on March 2024 by the NFAP links the growth in the foreign-born population to increased economic dynamism as evidenced by the surge in new business applications in states with ascending immigrant populations.

In return, multiplication of businesses in the marketplace creates a competitive business climate, leading to more quality products and services for all consumers. Moreover, it allows businesses to invest in new markets and diversify their service portfolio accordingly to different ethnic and cultural groups both within the U.S. and globally. The effect of immigrants on consumer trends is highly indispensable as they not only expand the range of available goods but introduce new cultural experiences that can become mainstream, such as cuisine, fashion, and entertainment.

The economic gains that stems from cultural richness is also reflected in the durability of communities with high levels of immigration. These communities often experience development and growth as immigrants strengthen the local economy through their purchasing power and entrepreneurial investments. The combination of different perspectives and talents helps create a sustainable and flexible economy which is capable of adjusting to the evolving needs of today’s societies.  

 ![](/uploads/Margaret_Riegel_77878d5194.webp) 

### **Immigration and Public Finances**

Immigrants play a critical role in the fiscal health of the United States too, contributing more in taxes than they receive in government services. As evidenced in the NFAP's July 2023 brief, immigrants are not a burden on public resources, but instead have a significant positive impact on the economy and public finances. Through their labor and consumption, immigrants help fund federal and state programs, including Social Security and Medicare, which are amongst the guarantees for the well-being of all Americans.

The economic advantages created by immigrants extend to improving the workforce in central sectors that range from agriculture to healthcare. Immigrants’ participation helps to address labor shortages and meet the demands of a growing economy. Furthermore, the diversity of the immigrant workforce, which includes both highly skilled professionals and those willing to take on less-specialized jobs, is much needed for a balanced and functioning economy. The fiscal benefits of immigration are particularly evident when considering the alternative: a shrinking working-age population that could lead to fewer new ideas, reduced production of goods and services, and increased economic pressures. 

The idea of the United States as a land of opportunity is embedded in its immigration history. Immigrants are not just participants in the U.S. economy but are, in fact, one of its most influential drivers. Embracing and facilitating immigration is a must for the U.S. to maintain its economic growth, foster innovation, and ensure a wealthy future. As the global competition for talent intensifies, it is imperative that the U.S. remains an attractive destination for immigrants who are dreaming of contributing to its legacy of financial development and prosperity.

The U.S, a nation built on the foundation of immigration, continues to thrive from foreign individuals' contributions.

How Foreign Immigration Fuels U.S. Financial Growth 

The Diversity Visa (DV) Lottery results for the fiscal year 2025 have been announced. For thousands of people, either the hope for a new beginning or heartbreaking disappointment ensued. But beyond the different reactions to the lottery results, I believe we all can observe the immensity of the Green Card and what it stands for: the American Dream.

Thanks to that dream, when I set out for the United States as a student years ago, I could envision a future for myself that seemed promising and exciting. Now, years after, I feel truly blessed to be the founding attorney of Grape Law Firm and to have the privilege of guiding prospective immigrants of diverse backgrounds through the hardships of U.S. immigration law, especially the complex processes of Green Card applications.

After witnessing the impact that the green card has on the lives of many Grape Law clients and reflecting on my own experiences as a first-generation Turkish immigrant, I can confidently state that the Green Card and the American Dream are interlocked. They are both embedded in the pursuit of freedom, prosperity, and a better future.

## **The Green Card and the American Dream**

The Green Card’s significance in the context of the American Dream is rooted in the United States’ historical attraction as the go-to destination for life-changing opportunities. The Green Card is not solely a piece of plastic; it is the embodiment of visionary ideals and endless possibilities. What defines the U.S. as a unique cultural mosaic cannot be understood without professional and personal aspirations. And the Green Card is the insurance for those aspirations.

It is no surprise to anyone — particularly U.S. immigration attorneys such as myself — that the Department of State reports increases in the demand for not only the DV but also many other Green Card categories. This rise is a testament to the appeal of the Green Card throughout the world and the U.S. as the land of starting anew.

## **Benefits of the Green Card**

A Green Card is more than a permit—it's a ticket to a secure and prosperous life in the U.S. Holders can participate in a thriving job market known for rewarding talent and hard work with competitive wages. The privilege extends to purchasing property, accessing comprehensive financial services, and entrepreneurship, which not only bolsters individual growth but also contributes to the economic strength of the nation.

In my experience, clients often share with me how obtaining a Green Card has supported their growth, enabling significant career advancements and the confidence to pursue ambitious goals. Moreover, it's a step toward U.S. citizenship, a dream for almost every immigrant. The social advantages, such as eligibility for education and healthcare benefits, and the capacity to sponsor relatives for immigration, are indicative of the Green Card's role in fostering familial bonds and continuity. In this regard, to better understand the Green Card benefits in detail, it's essential to explore its options available.

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## **Employment-based Petition Green Cards**

Employment-based Green Cards offer pathways for prospective immigrants to apply their expertise in the U.S. The EB-1C, for instance, is designed for managers and executives who will be transferred from abroad to work in similar positions of multinational companies’ U.S. offices or affiliates. Additionally, foreign managers and executives can apply for the EB-1C to establish new U.S. offices of multinational companies.

PERM Green Cards (EB-2/EB-3), on the other hand, provide U.S. residency for individuals with a job offer from a U.S.-based employer, encompassing a wide range of professionals. The process involves meticulous labor certification to ensure the protection of U.S. labor interests while filling gaps in the workforce with international employees. For those with exceptional skills or advanced degrees, as well as professional, skilled, and unskilled workers, PERM Green Cards signify the U.S.'s strategic commitment to strengthening a diverse and competitive workforce by attracting talent from around the globe.

## **Self-petition Green Cards**

The EB-1A Green Card is designed for those who have reached the top of their fields and whose extraordinary abilities are recognized with awards, extensive publications, or significant contributions to their industry. This category is a direct acknowledgment of their status as leaders and innovators, whether they are pioneering researchers, renowned artists, or celebrated athletes. Candidates for the EB-1A must demonstrate a record of sustained success and are often at the forefront in their work areas.

For professionals whose work holds considerable importance to the U.S. but may not have the widespread acclaim of EB-1A candidates, the EB-2 “National Interest Waiver” (NIW) Green Card offers an alternative route. This category is particularly suited for individuals whose expertise advances areas critical to national interests, such as technology, public health, or education. To qualify for an NIW, applicants must show that their work has a significant impact on their field in the U.S. and that waiving the requirement of a job offer would be beneficial to the country.

## **Green Cards Through Investment**

The EB-5 is a unique Green Card category that combines immigration with economic investment. It's designed for investors who are prepared to make a substantial financial contribution to the U.S. economy, with a minimum amount of **$800,000** for **regional center investments** or **$1,050,000** for **direct investments.** The EB-5 not only requires this significant monetary input but also requires the creation of at least 10 jobs, offering investors and their families a direct route to U.S. residency while fostering employment and community development.

## **Family-based Green Cards**

Family-based Green Cards reflect the U.S.'s commitment to keeping families together. Spouses, children, and parents of U.S. citizens often have a more direct path to residency, reinforcing the importance of family in the fabric of American society. Other relatives may also be eligible, albeit with more extended waiting periods due to caps on certain family-based visa categories.

***
Each individual's Green Card journey adds a unique storyline to the U.S.’s ongoing narrative. Whether through professional distinction, investment, or family reunification, these paths contribute to the diversity and dynamism of the U.S. It is a privilege to witness and support these individuals in their pursuit of the American Dream, as they open the door to a future filled with opportunities in this land of promise.

An introduction to the historical significance and the options of the Green Card.

An Introduction to Green Card Options 

 In the arena of global innovation, STEM fields—Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics—stand as pillars of progress. The United States, pursuing dominance in these sectors, has become the immigration target for the brightest minds worldwide. State-of-the-art research centers, a dynamic start-up ecosystem, and significant technological investments attracts thousands of top-notch talents to the U.S. every year. This phenomenon, often referred to as "brain drain," is not accidental but the result of strategic positioning by the U.S. to maintain its leadership in innovation and technology. The relationship between the U.S. and foreign STEM professionals is a testament to the country's longstanding aspiration to be at the forefront of technological breakthroughs, shaping a new era where knowledge is universal.

## ***STEM Fields, Brain Drain, and the U.S.***

The U.S. stands as a proof to the power of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. These STEM fields are not just academic endeavors but the backbones of American innovation, driving economic growth and securing its status as a global leader. Moreover, the U.S.'s continuous pursuit for scientific advancement has positioned the nation as the center for future technology, with Silicon Valley emerging as a focal point for groundbreaking ideas within this larger trend.

Historically, the United States has financially thrived thanks to the intellect and creativity from its diverse population, including immigrants who have left permanent marks on the nation's STEM heritage. In fact, the U.S.’s industrial and technological revolutions were fueled, in part, by the contributions of foreign-born individuals, and the trend continues today. The American ideals of discovery and entrepreneurship resonate with STEM professionals all over the world and attract them to participate in the U.S.' pursuit of revolutionary progress.

This is, in essence, due to the mutual recognition of value between the U.S. and these talented individuals. The United States offers a variety of world-class opportunities for research, innovation, and professional development, while immigrants provide fresh perspectives and specialized skills. This exchange has brought the U.S. to the frontlines of positivist inquiry and emerging technologies, effectively making it the go-to destination for the world's brightest STEM professionals. Henceforth, the ongoing collaboration between American institutions and international talent is essential for sustaining the nation's economic leadership and scientific influence.

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## ***Biden-Harris Administration’s Actions on STEM Fields***

Recognizing the vital role STEM fields play in national wealth, the Biden-Harris Administration has taken decisive steps to further strengthen the U.S.'s position in the global STEM industry. The White House has outlined a comprehensive strategy to empower the nation's economy and retain its universal competitiveness. Key initiatives include the Global Talent Attraction program, which stresses the significance of inviting international STEM experts to enrich the U.S. workforce. The Early Career STEM Research Initiative and the expansion of the STEM OPT program reflect a bold effort to provide international scholars and students with opportunities to engage in groundbreaking research on U.S. soil. Updates to the O-1A classification and National Interest Waivers show a commitment to simplifying the immigration process for individuals with extraordinary abilities in STEM fields. These proactive measures are designed to attract and keep the best and brightest, ensuring that the U.S. retains its leadership position in scientific and technological advancement.


## ***Critical & Emerging Technologies and the Advent of Artificial Intelligence in STEM Fields***

Within critical and emerging technologies industry, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Quantum Computing, and Cybersecurity stand out as pivotal areas shaping the future. These technologies are the superstars of innovation, driving revolutionary changes across industries and redefining the boundaries of what is possible.

Artificial Intelligence, in particular, represents a giant leap in technological progress and reshapes our personal and professional lives every day. As AI systems become more sophisticated, they influence sectors from healthcare to finance, making it a driving force behind modern tech epoch and a critical component of the U.S. strategic advantage. Moreover, AI’s rapid rise necessitates a workforce that is not only skilled but also forward-thinking and diverse, capable of pushing the limits of what it can achieve.

In this context, the contributions of immigrants are invaluable. The National Foundation for American Policy's (NFAP) study in June 2023 proves the immense impact that immigrants have had on the AI sector. With 65% of the top AI companies in the U.S. having immigrant founders or co-founders and 70% of full-time graduate students in AI-related fields coming from abroad, it is evident that the intellectual capital and entrepreneurial spirit of immigrants are key to the AI industry's success.

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Fortunately, these STEM professionals are often the beneficiaries of specialized visas and Green Cards that recognize their exceptional talents and the significant roles they play in advancing U.S. interests. For example, the O-1 visa category, for those demonstrating extraordinary abilities, and the H-1B visa, a common choice for specialty occupation professionals, are popular options in bringing these individuals to the U.S. The EB-1A self-petition Green Card is reserved for those who can prove they are at the top of their field, offering them a pathway to permanent residency. Similarly, the EB-2 NIW (National Interest Waiver) Green Card, also a self-petition, is designed for professionals whose work is considered of national importance.

This strategic immigration framework is essential not just for filling immediate workforce gaps but also for supporting long-term innovation. By providing a clear path for talented AI professionals to contribute to the U.S. economy, the nation sustains its status as a global authority in AI research and development.

I can almost certainly say that the interplay between AI's rise and U.S.'s immigration policies will create a consistent flow of brain drain. As the United States continues to prioritize the development of AI and other critical technologies, it is likely to benefit from the increased issuance of visas and Green Cards to international STEM talents. This approach ensures that the U.S. remains as the vanguard of the global innovation landscape, continually attracting the brightest minds to contribute to a future where AI not only thrives but also serves the greater good.

With the Advent of Artificial Intelligence, STEM Fields Signal a New Era of Brain Drain for the U.S. 

STEM Fields Attract Top-Notch Professional Talents to the U.S., Signaling a New Era of Brain Drain for the Nation

We offer investors, innovators, and employees streamlined U.S. immigration and enable start-ups, small & mid-sized businesses, and companies to expand to the U.S.

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